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Kuba ubukungu bukomeje gusaba ibikomoka kuri peteroli zikoresha karubone nyinshi byatumye ikirere cyiyongera. Nubwo hashyirwa imbaraga mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ntabwo bihagije kugira ngo bivaneho ingaruka mbi z’iyo gazi isanzwe iri mu kirere.
Bityo abahanga mu bya siyansi bavumbuye uburyo bwo guhanga udushya bwo gukoresha dioxyde de carbone isanzwe iri mu kirere bayihindura mo molekile z'ingirakamaro nka aside formike (HCOOH) na methanol. Gukoresha fotocatalytic photoreduction ya dioxyde de carbone hakoreshejwe urumuri rugaragara ni bwo buryo busanzwe bwo guhindura ibintu.
Itsinda ry’abahanga bo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ikoranabuhanga rya Tokyo, riyobowe na Porofeseri Kazuhiko Maeda, ryateye imbere cyane kandi ryabyanditse mu gitabo mpuzamahanga cyitwa “Angewandte Chemie” cyo ku ya 8 Gicurasi 2023.
Bakoze icyuma-organic framework (MOF) gishingiye kuri tin gifasha kugabanya dioxyde de carbone mu buryo bw'ifoto. Abashakashatsi bakoze MOF nshya ishingiye kuri tin (Sn) ikoresheje formula ya chimique [SnII2 (H3ttc)2.MeOH]n (H3ttc: aside trithiocyanuric na MeOH: methanol).
Imashini zikora cyane zikoresha urumuri zikoresha ibyuma by'agaciro bidakunze kugaragara cyane nk'ibice byabyo by'ingenzi. Byongeye kandi, guhuza imikorere y'urumuri n'imikorere ya katalisi mu gice kimwe cya molekile kigizwe n'ibyuma byinshi biracyari ikibazo gikomeye. Bityo, Sn ni umukandida mwiza kuko ishobora gukemura ibibazo byombi.
MOF ni ibikoresho byiza cyane mu byuma n'ibikoresho by'umwimerere, kandi MOF ziri kwigwaho nk'uburyo bwo gusimbura inzoga gakondo zikoresha fotokatalisiti.
Sn ni amahitamo ashobora gutorwa ku bikoresho bya MOF-based photocatalysts kuko ishobora gukora nk'umusemburo no gukusanya umusaruro mu gihe cyo gukora photocatalytic. Nubwo MOFs zishingiye kuri lead, icyuma, na zirconium-based MOFs zakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwinshi, nta byinshi bizwi ku bikoresho bya MOFs bishingiye kuri tin.
H3ttc, MeOH na tin chloride byakoreshejwe nk'ibintu byo gutangira gutegura MOF KGF-10 ishingiye kuri tin, maze abashakashatsi bahitamo gukoresha 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. ikora nk'umutanga electron n'isoko ya hydrogen.
Hanyuma KGF-10 ivamo ikorerwa ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gusesengura. Basanze ibikoresho bifite icyuho cya 2.5 eV, bikurura uburebure bw'urumuri rugaragara, kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza dioxyde de carbone mu rugero ruciriritse.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bamaze gusobanukirwa imiterere y’ibi bintu bishya n’imiti, babikoresheje mu kugabanya dioxyde de carbone mu gihe hari urumuri rugaragara. Basanze KGF-10 ishobora guhindura CO2 neza kandi mu buryo bunoze (HCOO–) ikayihindura neza kugeza kuri 99% hatabayeho kongeramo ibindi bintu bitera ubushyuhe cyangwa catalysts.
Ifite kandi umusaruro mwinshi wa quantum ugaragara (ikigereranyo cy'umubare wa electrons zigize uruhare mu gusubiza hamwe n'umubare wose wa fotoni z'impanuka) cya 9.8% ku bunini bwa 400 nm. Byongeye kandi, isesengura ry'imiterere ryakozwe mu gihe cyose cyo gusubiza ryagaragaje ko KGF-10 yahinduwe mu miterere yatumye habaho kugabanuka kwa fotokatalike.
Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza ku nshuro ya mbere igikoresho gikoresha icyuma gishyushya, gikozwe mu buryo bwa fotokatalisiti, gifite igikoresho kimwe kandi cy’agaciro kidafite icyuma, kugira ngo cyihutishe ihinduka rya dioxyde de carbone kugira ngo rihinduke. Imiterere itangaje ya KGF-10 yavumbuwe n’itsinda ifunguye amahirwe mashya yo kuyikoresha nk’igikoresho gishyushya mu bikorwa nko kugabanya imyuka ya CO2 ihumanya ikirere hakoreshejwe ingufu z’izuba.
Porofeseri Maeda yasoje agira ati: “Ibisubizo byacu bigaragaza ko MOF zishobora gukoreshwa nk'urubuga rwo gukoresha ibyuma bidahumanya, bihendutse kandi bikungahaye ku butaka kugira ngo hakorwe imikorere myiza ya photocatalytic isanzwe idashoboka gukoreshwa n'ibikoresho bya molekile by'icyuma.”
Kamakura Y et al (2023) Imiterere y'icyuma-organic ishingiye kuri Tin (II) ituma habaho kugabanya neza kandi mu buryo butoranyije dioxyde de carbone kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu mucyo ugaragara. Ubutabire bukoreshwa, Igitabo Mpuzamahanga. doi:10.1002/ani.202305923
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