Kawanishi, Ubuyapani, 15 Ugushyingo 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Ibibazo by’ibidukikije nk’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, igabanuka ry’umutungo kamere, ibura ry’ibinyabuzima, ihumana rya pulasitiki no gutema amashyamba biri kwiyongera ku isi yose bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage.
Dioxyde de carbone (CO2) ni imyuka ihumanya ikirere kandi ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Muri urwo rwego, inzira izwi nka "fotosinema y'ubukorano (CO2 photoreduction)" ishobora gukora ibikomoka ku binyabutabire n'imiti biva muri CO2, amazi n'ingufu z'izuba, kimwe n'ibimera. Muri icyo gihe, bigabanya kandi imyuka ya CO2 ihumanya ikirere, kubera ko CO2 ikoreshwa nk'ibikomoka ku binyabutabire mu gukora ingufu n'imiti. Kubwibyo, fotosinema y'ubukorano ifatwa nk'imwe mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rijyanye n'ibidukikije.
MOF (Metal Organic Frameworks) ni ibikoresho bifite imyenge myinshi bigizwe n'amatsinda y'ibyuma bidafite umwimerere n'ibihuza ibinyabuzima. Bishobora kugenzurwa ku rwego rwa molekile muri nanometer range kandi bifite ubuso bunini. Bitewe n'iyi miterere, MOF zishobora gukoreshwa mu kubika gaze, gutandukanya, gushyiramo ibyuma, gukwirakwiza imiti, gutanga imiti, gutunganya amazi, sensors, electrodes, filters, nibindi. Vuba aha, MOF zagaragaye ko zifite ubushobozi bwo gufata CO2 bushobora kugabanuka CO2, ni ukuvuga fotosine y'ubukorano.
Ku rundi ruhande, utudomo twa Quantum ni ibikoresho bito cyane (0.5–9 nm) bifite imiterere y’urumuri ikurikije amategeko ya quantum chemistry na quantum mechanics. Byitwa "atome z’ubukorano cyangwa molekile z’ubukorano" kuko buri kadomo ka Quantum kagizwe na atome nke cyangwa ibihumbi bike cyangwa bike gusa. Muri ubu bwoko bw’ingano, urwego rw’ingufu za electron ntirukomeza kandi rugatandukana bitewe n’ikintu kizwi nka quantum confinement effect. Muri iki gihe, uburebure bw’urumuri rusohoka buzaterwa n’ingano y’utudomo twa Quantum. Utu dudomo twa Quantum dushobora kandi gukoreshwa muri fotosine y’ubukorano bitewe n’ubushobozi bwazo bwo kwinjiza urumuri rwinshi, ubushobozi bwo gukora exciton nyinshi n’ubuso bunini.
MOFs na dots za quantum byakozwe hifashishijwe Green Science Alliance. Mbere, bakoresheje neza ibikoresho bya MOF quantum dot mu gukora aside formic nk'umusemburo wihariye wa fotosine y'ubukorano. Ariko, izi catalysts ziri mu ishusho y'ifu kandi izi fu za catalysts zigomba gukusanywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyungurura muri buri gikorwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kubera ko izi nzira zidakomeza, biragoye kuzikoresha mu nganda.
Mu gusubiza, Bwana Tetsuro Kajino, Bwana Hirohisa Iwabayashi, na Dr. Ryohei Mori bo muri Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryabo kugira ngo bahagarike izi catalysts zidasanzwe za fotositesi z’ubukorano ku myenda ihendutse kandi bateje imbere uburyo bushya bwo gukora aside formike. Ishobora gukora mu buryo buhoraho mu nganda. Nyuma yo kurangiza gukora fotositesi y’ubukorano, amazi arimo aside formike ashobora gukurwamo kugira ngo akurwemo, kandi amazi mashya ashobora kongerwa mu gikoresho kugira ngo fotositesi y’ubukorano ikomeze gukomeza.
Aside formike ishobora gusimbura lisansi ya hydrogen. Imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zirinda ikwirakwira ry’umuryango wa hydrogen ku isi ni uko hydrogen ari atome ntoya cyane mu isanzure, bityo bikaba bigoye kuyibika, kandi gukora ikigega cya hydrogen gifite ubushobozi bwo kuyifunga cyane bizaba bihenze cyane. Byongeye kandi, gazi ya hydrogen ishobora guturika no guteza akaga mu mutekano. Kubera ko aside formike ari amazi, biroroshye kuyibika nk'isansi. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, aside formike ishobora gukoreshwa mu gutuma hydrogen ikorwa. Byongeye kandi, aside formike ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora imiti itandukanye.
Nubwo ubushobozi bwa fotosine y’ubukorano bukiri hasi, ihuriro ry’abahanga mu bya siyansi y’ibidukikije rizakomeza guharanira kunoza imikorere kugira ngo hashyirweho uburyo bufatika bwo gukoresha fotosine y’ubukorano.