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Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika cyatanze igitekerezo cyo guhagarika ikoreshwa rya methylene chloride mu bikorwa byose bikoreshwa n'abantu ndetse n'inganda n'ubucuruzi. Iki cyifuzo gishya kije nyuma y'uko icyo kigo gikoze isuzuma ry'ingaruka mu Gushyingo 2022 ryasanze kwivanga n'ibintu bishobora guteza ingaruka mbi ku buzima nko kurwara umwijima na kanseri.
Methylene chloride iboneka mu bintu bitandukanye, harimo kole, imashini zikuraho amarangi, n'imashini zikuraho amavuta. Ikoreshwa cyane nk'ibikoresho fatizo mu gukora indi miti. Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika kivuga ko abakozi barenga 900.000 n'abaguzi miliyoni 15 bahura na methylene chloride buri gihe.
Iyi mvange ni iya kabiri igenzuwe hakurikijwe Itegeko rivuguruye ryo Kurwanya Ibiyobyabwenge (TSCA), risaba Ikigo Gishinzwe Kurengera Ibidukikije gusuzuma umutekano w’ibinyabutabire bishya n’ibisanzwe bicuruzwa. Intego y’ikigo ni ukugabanya ikorwa, itunganywa n’ikwirakwizwa rya methylene chloride mu mezi 15.
Ikoreshwa rimwe na rimwe rya methylene chloride ntirikoreshwa muri iki cyemezo, harimo no kuyikoresha nk'ikintu kiyitera ubushyuhe. Urugero, izakomeza gukoreshwa mu gukora hydrofluorocarbon-32 refrigerant, yakozwe nk'uburyo bwo gusimbura ubundi buryo bufite ubushobozi bwo kwiyongera bw'ubushyuhe bw'isi cyangwa kugabanuka kwa ozone.
“Twizera ko methylene chloride ikomeje kuba nziza ku gisirikari no mu gihugu hose,” Michal Friedhoff, umuyobozi wungirije w’ishami rishinzwe umutekano n’ihumana ry’ibinyabutabire mu Kigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA), yabitangaje mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru mbere y’uko itangazo ritangazwa, “EPA izasaba ko habaho igikorwa cyo kurinda umutekano w’abakozi.”
Bamwe mu matsinda y’ibidukikije bishimiye iki gitekerezo gishya. Ariko, banagaragaje impungenge ku birebana n’ibidashoboka ku itegeko ryemerera gukomeza gukoresha methylene chloride nibura mu myaka icumi iri imbere.
Maria Doa, umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe politiki y’ibinyabutabire mu Kigega gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, yavuze ko ikoreshwa nk’iryo ry’igihe kirekire rizakomeza guteza ibyago ku baturage batuye hafi y’ahantu hatarimo ibintu. Doa yavuze ko Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije gikwiye kugabanya igihe cyo kwishyura cyangwa gushyiraho andi mabwiriza ku ibyuka bya methylene chloride biva muri izi nganda.
Hagati aho, Inama Nkuru y’Ubutabire y’Abanyamerika, itsinda ry’abacuruzi rihagarariye inganda zikora imiti, yavuze ko amategeko yatanzwe ashobora kugira ingaruka ku ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa. Iri tsinda ryavuze mu itangazo ko kugabanuka vuba k’umusaruro wa methylene chloride byagabanyaho kimwe cya kabiri. Iri tsinda ryavuze ko kugabanuka kw’ibiciro bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku zindi nganda nka farumasi, cyane cyane niba “abakora bafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika burundu umusaruro.”
Methylene chloride ni yo ya kabiri mu miti 10 Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije giteganya gusuzuma ingaruka zishobora kubangamira ubuzima bw'abantu n'ibidukikije. Ubwa mbere, ni asbestos. Freedhoff yavuze ko amategeko agenga ikintu cya gatatu, perchlorethylene, ashobora kuba asa n'amategeko mashya agenga methylene chloride, harimo itegeko ribuza n'uburinzi bukomeye bw'abakozi.