Urusobe rw'inyuma rw'ibihumyo na bagiteri, rwitwa "extracellular matrix" cyangwa ECM, rufite imiterere nk'iya jeli kandi rukora nk'urusobe rw'uburinzi n'igishishwa. Ariko nk'uko ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa mu kinyamakuru iScience, bwakozwe na Kaminuza ya Massachusetts Amherst ku bufatanye na Worcester Polytechnic Institute bubigaragaza, ECM ya mikorobe zimwe na zimwe ikora jeli gusa iyo hari aside oxalic cyangwa izindi aside zoroshye. Kubera ko ECM igira uruhare runini muri byose kuva ku kurwanya antibiyotike kugeza ku miyoboro yazibye no kwanduza ibikoresho byo kwa muganga, gusobanukirwa uburyo mikorobe zikoresha urwego rwazo rwa jeli zifata bigira ingaruka nini ku buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.

Barry Goodell, umwarimu wa mikorobe muri Kaminuza ya Massachusetts Amherst akaba n'umwanditsi mukuru w'iyi nyandiko yagize ati: “Nahoraga nshishikajwe na mikorobe za ECM.” “Abantu bakunze gutekereza kuri ECM nk'urwego rw'inyuma rudakora rurinda mikorobe. Ariko ishobora no kuba inzira y'intungamubiri na enzymes byinjira cyangwa bisohoka mu turemangingo twa mikorobe.”
Iyi mikorobe ifite inshingano nyinshi: kuba ifatana bivuze ko udukoko twinshi dushobora kwishyira hamwe tugakora koloni cyangwa "biofilms", kandi iyo udukoko twinshi tubikoze, dushobora kuziba imiyoboro cyangwa kwanduza ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.
Ariko igishishwa kigomba kandi kuba cyoroshye kwinjiramo: mikorobe nyinshi zisohora enzymes zitandukanye n'ibindi bintu bya metabolites binyuze muri ECM, mu bintu zishaka kurya cyangwa kwanduza (nk'ibiti byaboze cyangwa inyama z'inyamaswa zo mu mugongo), hanyuma, iyo enzymes zirangije akazi kazo, akazi ko gusya - gusubiza intungamubiri binyuze muri ECM.
Ibi bivuze ko ECM atari urwego rwo kurinda gusa; Mu by'ukuri, nk'uko Goodell na bagenzi be babigaragaje, mikorobe zisa nkaho zifite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ubukana bwa ECM yazo bityo bigatuma ibasha kwinjira. Babikora bate?
Mu bihumyo, isohoka ry’ibihumyo rigaragara nk’aside oxalic, aside organic isanzwe iboneka mu bimera byinshi, kandi, nk’uko Goodell na bagenzi be babibonye, ​​udukoko twinshi dusa nkaho dukoresha aside oxalic basohora kugira ngo twifatanye n’ibice byo hanze bya karubohidrati. Bikarema ikintu gifatana. , ECM isa n’umusemburo.
Ariko ubwo itsinda ryarebaga neza, ryasanze aside oxalic itafashije gusa mu gukora ECM, ahubwo inayigenzura: uko aside oxalic nyinshi mikorobe zongerwa mu ruvange rwa aside karubohidrati, ni ko ECM irushaho kuba ndende. Uko ECM irushaho kuba ndende, ni ko irushaho gukumira molekile nini kwinjira cyangwa kuva muri mikorobe, mu gihe molekile nto ziguma zifunguye mu buryo bworoshye kwinjira muri mikorobe ziva mu bidukikije, ndetse n’izindi molekile.
Ubu buvumbuzi bubangamira imyumvire gakondo ya siyansi ku buryo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibintu biva muri izi mikorobe na bagiteri biva muri izi mikorobe mu bidukikije. Goodell na bagenzi be bavuze ko mu bihe bimwe na bimwe mikorobe zishobora kwishingikiriza cyane ku isohoka ry'utunyangingo duto cyane kugira ngo zirwanye matrix cyangwa ingingo iyo mikorobe yishingikirizaho kugira ngo ikomeze kubaho cyangwa iyandure. Ibi bivuze ko isohoka ry'utunyangingo duto rishobora no kugira uruhare runini mu ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara niba enzymes nini zidashobora kunyura muri matrix ya mikorobe iri hanze y'umubiri.
Goodell yagize ati: “Bigaragara ko hari ahantu hagati aho mikorobe zishobora kugenzura urugero rw’aside kugira ngo zihuze n’ibidukikije runaka, zigatuma zimwe muri molekile nini, nka enzymes, mu gihe molekile nto zishobora kunyura muri ECM byoroshye. “Guhindura ECM hamwe na aside oxalic bishobora kuba uburyo mikorobe zo kwirinda imiti irwanya udukoko na antibiyotike, kubera ko imiti myinshi igizwe na molekile nini cyane. Ubu bushobozi bwo guhindura ibintu ni bwo bushobora kuba ingenzi mu gutsinda imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye mu kuvura mikorobe, kuko gukoresha ECM kugira ngo irusheho kwera bishobora kunoza imikorere ya antibiyotike na antibiyotike.

Goodell yagize ati: “Niba dushobora kugenzura uburyo aside nto nka oxalate zikora ndetse n’uburyo zisohoka muri mikorobe zimwe na zimwe, dushobora no kugenzura ibijya muri mikorobe, ibyo bikaba byatuma tuvura neza indwara nyinshi za mikorobe.”
Mu Ukuboza 2022, inzobere mu binyabuzima bya mikorobe Yasu Morita yahawe inkunga n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima kugira ngo ashyigikire ubushakashatsi bugamije guteza imbere uburyo bushya kandi bufite akamaro bwo kuvura igituntu.

Niba wifuza ibindi bisobanuro, nyamuneka unyoherereze ubutumwa kuri imeri.
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