Iyi nzira yo kugabanuka byitezwe ko izakomeza, ahanini bitewe n'ubukene bw'ibikenewe, ikiguzi gito cy'ibikoresho fatizo n'ibitangwa bihagije. #ivugururabumenyi
Mu gihembwe cya kane, ibiciro bya PE, PP, PS, PVC na PET byakomeje kugabanuka kuva muri Nyakanga, bitewe no kugabanuka k'ubusabe, itangwa rihagije, igabanuka ry'ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo ndetse n'ibibazo rusange mu bukungu bw'isi. Ku bijyanye na polyethylene na polypropylene, kongera ubushobozi bushya ni ikindi kintu, mu gihe ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bifite ibiciro bihanitse ari ikibazo kuri PET ndetse wenda na polystyrene.
Dore igitekerezo cya Michael Greenberg, Umujyanama mu by'Amasoko muri Resin Technology, Inc. (RTi), Umusesenguzi Mukuru muri PetroChemWire (PCW), Umuyobozi Mukuru wa The Plastics Exchange, na Scott Newell, Visi Perezida wa EVP Polyolefins muri resin distributor na compounder Spartan Polymers.
Nubwo abacuruza polyethylene batangaje ko ibiciro byazamutseho senti 5-7 kuri pawundi muri Nzeri-Ukwakira, ibiciro bya polyethylene byagabanutseho nibura senti 4 bigera kuri senti 6 kuri pawundi muri Kanama kandi biteganijwe ko bizagabanuka kurushaho muri Nzeri, nk'uko byatangajwe na David Barry. . Umuyobozi wungirije wa PCW wa Polyethylene, Polystyrene, na Polystyrene Robin Chesshire, Visi Perezida wa RTi wa Polyethylene, Polystyrene, na Nylon-6 Markets, na Greenberg wa Plastics Exchange. Ahubwo, aya makuru muri rusange yemera ko ibiciro bishobora kugabanuka gato mu Kwakira no muri uku kwezi.
Chesshire wo muri RTi yavuze ko icyifuzo cya polyethylene cyakomeje kuba kinini mu gihe kinini cy'umwaka, ariko mu mpera za Nzeri cyari cyaragabanutse mu bice byinshi by'isoko. Barry wo muri PCW yavuze ko ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo biri hasi, nta bimenyetso byo kwiyongera kw'ibikenewe no gufungura ubushobozi bushya bunini buturuka muri Shell bitazongera ibiciro. Yanavuze ko ibiciro bya polyethylene byagabanutseho amasenti 4 bigera kuri senti 7 kuri pound muri Nzeri: “Ubushake bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga buracyari buto, abacuruzi bafite ububiko bunini, kandi hari gushidikanya ku ihindagurika ry'ibiciro mu kwezi gutaha. ntibirakomeza kuko abakiriya biteze kugabanuka kw'ibiciro mu gihe kiri imbere.”
Amakuru kandi yavuze ko abatanga ibicuruzwa bagabanyije umusaruro. Mu Ukwakira, Greenberg yavuze ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi: “Abatunganya ibicuruzwa benshi baracyagura resin gusa uko bikenewe, kandi bamwe mu batunganya ibicuruzwa batangiye kugura resin nyinshi uko ibiciro bigenda birushaho kuba byiza, nubwo icyifuzo cy’abaguzi mu nganda nyinshi zo mu gace k’ubu cyagabanutse bitewe n’imiterere y’ubukungu n’ubukungu. Izamuka ry’ibiciro rihangayikishije Abakora n’abandi bacuruza resin bakomeye bakomeje gusuzugura ibiciro biri hasi uko icyerekezo cyo kugabanuka kw’ibiciro gisubira inyuma, hamwe n’umubare muto w’imikorere n’ibiciro biri hejuru muri Aziya, bakeka ko ibi byafashije kunoza icyifuzo cy’imbere mu gihugu kuko bamwe mu baguzi bagaragaje impungenge ku nyungu zatakaye, amasezerano akomeye n’ibiciro bihendutse byo kwiteganyiriza.”
Ibiciro bya polypropylene byagabanutseho senti 1 kuri kiro muri Kanama, mu gihe ibiciro bya propylene monomer byazamutseho senti 2 kuri kiro, ariko inyungu ku batanga ibicuruzwa zagabanutseho senti 3. Nk’uko bivugwa na Barry wo muri PCW, Newell wo muri Spartan Polymers na The Plastic Exchange, ibiciro bya polypropylene muri Nzeri byagabanutseho senti 8 kuri pawundi, ibiciro byo kwishyura amasezerano ya monomer byagabanutseho senti 5 kuri pawundi, naho abatanga ibicuruzwa batakaza andi senti 3 kubera inyungu nke. Greenberg. Byongeye kandi, aya makuru yemera ko ibiciro bishobora kongera kugabanuka cyane mu Ukwakira, mu gihe ibiciro bitarahinduka cyangwa ngo binagabanuke muri uku kwezi.
Barry abona ko mu kwezi k'Ukwakira hashobora kugabanuka inshuro ebyiri, bitewe n'uko icyifuzo cyagabanutse ndetse n'umusaruro urenze urugero. Ku bijyanye n'uku kwezi, abona ko hashobora kugabanuka cyane mu gihe Exxon Mobil yatangiza uruganda rushya rwa polypropylene, Heartland Polymer ikongera umusaruro mu ruganda rwayo rushya. Newell yiteze ko ibiciro bya propylene monomer bizagabanuka kuva kuri senti 5 kugeza kuri senti 8 kuri pawundi bitewe n'ibiciro byagabanutse ku isi. Afite ibyago byo kugabanuka k'inyungu. Yavuze ko abatanga polypropylene biteganijwe ko bazagabanya umusaruro bitewe n'amafaranga angana na miliyoni 175 z'amapawundi muri Nyakanga-Kanama mu gihe icyifuzo kigabanuka. Iminsi yo gutanga ibicuruzwa yiyongereye ikagera ku minsi 40 muri Nzeri ugereranije n'iminsi isanzwe ya 30-31 ku isoko riringaniye. Aya makuru yagaragaje ko hagabanutseho hagati ya senti 10 na 20 kuri pawundi ugereranije n'ibiciro bya spot.
Greenberg yavuze ko isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bya PP ryagabanutse cyane mu gihe icyifuzo gito cyakomeje kugeza mu kwezi k’Ukwakira, avuga ko ibi byatewe n’igabanuka ry’ubukungu bw’isi, ihungabana ry’ubukungu ry’igihe gito, umusaruro mwinshi wa resin ndetse n’abaguzi bakosoza ibiganiro. Ati: “Niba inganda zikomeje kuyobora no gutsinda ibicuruzwa binyuze mu mpinduka mu migabane, aho kugabanya umusaruro kugira ngo ugere ku buringanire bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibikenewe, dushobora kubona andi mafaranga agabanuka mu gihe kiri imbere.”
Nyuma yo kugabanukaho senti 22 kugera kuri senti 25 kuri pound muri Kanama, ibiciro bya polystyrene byagabanutseho senti 11 kuri pound muri Nzeri, aho Barry na RTi bo muri PCW ba Chesshire biteze ko hazabaho andi magabanuka mu Ukwakira no mu kwezi kumwe. Uyu wa nyuma yavuze ko igabanuka rya PS muri Nzeri ryari munsi y’igabanuka rya senti 14 ku kilo, kandi yagaragaje ko igabanuka ry’ibikenewe rikomeje no kugabanuka kw’ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo bituma habaho igabanuka rikomeye, birinda ihungabana rikomeye ry’umusaruro.
Barry wo muri PCW afite igitekerezo nk'icyo. Ibiciro bya polystyrene byazamutseho amasenti 53 kuri pound kuva muri Gashyantare ariko byagabanutseho amasenti 36 kuri pound mu ntangiriro z'igihembwe cya kane, nk'uko yabitangaje. Abona ko hari amahirwe yo kugabanya andi mashami, avuga ko abatanga ibicuruzwa bashobora gukenera gukomeza kugabanya umusaruro wa styrene monomer na polystyrene resin.
Yanavuze ko nubwo ubusanzwe ibicuruzwa bya polystyrene resin byageraga kuri 5% by’ibikoresho bihari, ibicuruzwa bya polystyrene resin bigurishwa cyane biva muri Aziya byimukiye muri aka gace k’isi, cyane cyane muri Amerika y’Epfo, kuko ibiciro by’imizigo ubu biri hasi cyane. Yagize ati: “Niba iki kizaba ikibazo ku bacuruza polystyrene bo muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru ntibiramenyekana.”
Nk’uko bivugwa na Mark Kallman, visi perezida wa RTi wa PVC na resins z’ubuhanga, na Donna Todd, umwanditsi mukuru muri PCW, ibiciro bya PVC byagabanutseho senti 5 kuri pawundi muri Kanama n’andi senti 5 kuri pawundi muri Nzeri, bituma igabanuka ryose rigera kuri senti 15 kuri pawundi. mu gihembwe cya gatatu. Kalman yashoboraga kugabanuka nk’uko mu Ukwakira no muri uku kwezi. Ibintu bimwe na bimwe birimo gukomeza kugabanuka kw’ibikenewe kuva muri Gicurasi, ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isoko ndetse n’ibiciro binini hagati y’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibyo mu gihugu.
Todd wo muri PCW yavuze ko igabanuka rikomeye ry'ibiciro mu gihe gito nk'iki ritigeze ribaho ku isoko rya PVC, kandi abitabiriye isoko benshi bari bafite icyizere cy'uko ibiciro bya PVC bitazagabanuka mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2023, nk'uko nibura impuguke imwe ku isoko yabihanuye. . . . Mu ntangiriro z'Ukwakira, yatangaje ko “Nubwo abatunganya imiyoboro ya PVC bifuza kubona ibiciro bya resin bigabanuka, ibiciro bya PVC bigabanuka nk'imodoka itwara imizigo ishobora kubatwara amafaranga kuko ibiciro bya resin bigabanya ibiciro by'imiyoboro. Hari aho ibiciro by'imiyoboro bigabanuka. kurusha ibiciro bya resin. Abatunganya imiyoboro mu yandi masoko, nko ku ruhande rw'inyuma no hasi, bari ku rundi ruhande rw'ikigereranyo kuko aya masoko adashobora kunyuza izamuka ryuzuye ry'ibiciro bya resin ku bakiriya babo. Bishimiye kubona ibiciro bigabanuka vuba bishoboka, bityo bagasubiza ubucuruzi bwabo ku rwego runaka rw'inyungu.”
Ibiciro bya PET byagabanutseho amasenti 2 bigera kuri senti 3 kuri buri kiro muri Nzeri nyuma yo kugabanukaho amasenti 20 kuri buri kiro muri Nyakanga-Kanama, byose byatewe no kugabanuka kw'ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo. Cullman wo muri RTi yiteze ko ibiciro bizagabanukaho andi masenti 2-3 kuri buri pawundi mu Ukwakira, ibiciro bikagabanuka cyangwa bigabanutseho gato muri uko kwezi. Ibikenewe biracyari byiza cyane, ariko isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu ritanga serivisi nziza kandi ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikomeje kuzamuka ku biciro bishimishije, nk'uko yabitangaje.
Ibintu birimo gukenera cyane ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu cyangwa ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, imigabane mike y’ababitanga ndetse n’ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo biri hejuru bitewe n’ihungabana ry’umusaruro.