Iyi nkuru yasuzumwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza n'amabwiriza ya Science X yo kwandika. Abanditsi bashimangiye ibintu bikurikira mu gihe bagenzura ko ibikubiye muri iyi nkuru ari ukuri:
Ihindagurika ry'ikirere ni ikibazo cy’ibidukikije ku isi. Ikintu nyamukuru gitera imihindagurikire y’ikirere ni ugutwika cyane ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Bikora dioxyde de carbone (CO2), imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituma habaho ubushyuhe bw’isi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, za leta hirya no hino ku isi ziri gutegura politiki zo kugabanya iyo byuka bya karubone. Ariko, kugabanya imyuka ya karubone bishobora kuba bidahagije. Imyuka ya karubone ihumanya ikirere nayo igomba kugenzurwa. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Muri urwo rwego, abahanga mu bya siyansi batanga igitekerezo cyo guhindura dioxyde de carbone mo ibintu byongerewe agaciro nka methanol na aside formic (HCOOH). Kugira ngo hakorwe iyi ya nyuma, hakenewe isoko ya iyoni za hydride (H-), zingana na protoni imwe na electron ebyiri. Urugero, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) ifite uburyo bwo kugabanya oxidation, ni moteri n'ububiko bwa hydride (H-) mu buryo bw'ibinyabuzima.
Muri iki kibazo, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi riyobowe na Porofeseri Hitoshi Tamiaki wo muri Kaminuza ya Ritsumeikan, mu Buyapani, ryakoze uburyo bushya bw’ubutabire bushingiye ku mikorobe za NAD+/NADH zikoresha urusenda rwa ruthenium kugira ngo bigabanye CO2 igera kuri HCOOH. Ibisubizo by’ubushakashatsi bwabo byasohotse mu kinyamakuru ChemSusChem ku ya 13 Mutarama 2023.
Porofeseri Tamiaki asobanura impamvu yatumye akora ubushakashatsi. Yagize ati: “Biherutse kugaragara ko urusobe rwa ruthenium rufite icyitegererezo cya NAD+, [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)](PF6)2, rugabanukaho electron ebyiri zikozwe muri photochemical. Byatumye habaho urusobe rwa NADH [Ru (bpy) )2 (pbnHH)](PF6)2 iyo hari triethanolamine muri acetonitrile (CH3CN) munsi y'urumuri rugaragara.”
“Byongeye kandi, gusohora CO2 mu gisubizo cya [Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+ bikongera [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)]2+ kandi bigatanga ioni za foromate (HCOO-). Ariko, umuvuduko wayo wo kuyikora ni muto cyane. Ni muto. Kubwibyo, guhindura H- muri CO2 bisaba uburyo bwiza bwo gukamura.”
Kubwibyo, abashakashatsi bakoze ubushakashatsi ku bintu bitandukanye bigabanya imyuka ya karubone ihumanya ikirere. Bashingiye kuri ubu bushakashatsi, batanze igitekerezo cyo kugabanya electron ebyiri zikomoka ku rumuri [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)]2+/[Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+ mu gihe hari 1, 3-. Dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIH). Byongeye kandi, amazi (H2O) muri CH3CN aho gukoresha triethanolamine yarushijeho kunoza umusaruro.

Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi banasuzumye uburyo bwo gukora reactions hakoreshejwe ubuhanga nka nuclear magnetic resonance, cyclic voltammetry na UV-visible spectrophotometry. Bashingiye kuri ibi, batekereje: Ubwa mbere, iyo habayeho photoexcitation ya [Ru(bpy)2(pbn)]2+, radical yigenga [RuIII(bpy)2(pbn•-)]2+*, igabanuka rikurikira: BIH Get [RuII(bpy)2(pbn•-)]2+ na BIH•+. Nyuma yaho, H2O ikora prototype ya ruthenium kugira ngo ikore [Ru(bpy)2(pbnH•)]2+ na BI•. Umusaruro uvamo uragabanywa kugira ngo ukore [Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+ hanyuma ugasubira kuri [Ru(bpy)2(pbnHH)]2+. Iya mbere igabanywa na BI• kugira ngo ikore [Ru(bpy)(bpy•−)(pbnHH)]+. Iyi complex ni catalyst ikora ihindura H- muri CO2, ikora HCOO- na aside formike.
Abashakashatsi bagaragaje ko igisubizo cyatanzwe gifite umubare munini w’impinduka (umubare w’udusimba twa dioxyde de carbone duhindurwa na mole imwe ya catalyst) - 63.
Abashakashatsi bashimishijwe n'ibi bivumbuwe kandi bizeye guteza imbere uburyo bushya bwo guhindura ingufu (urumuri rw'izuba mo ingufu za shimi) kugira ngo hakorwe ibikoresho bishya bishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
Porofeseri Tamiaki yongeyeho ati: “Uburyo bwacu buzagabanya kandi ingano yose ya dioxyde de carbone ku Isi kandi bugafasha mu kubungabunga uruhererekane rwa karubone. Kubwibyo, bushobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’isi mu gihe kizaza.” Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gutwara hydride organic rizaduha ibintu by’agaciro.”
Ibisobanuro birambuye: Yusuke Kinoshita n'abandi, Kwimura hydride y'umwimerere ikomoka ku mucyo muri CO2** hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa ruthenium nk'icyitegererezo cy'imibanire ya NAD+/NADH redox, ChemSusChem (2023). DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300032

Niba uhuye n'ikosa ry'ikosa, amakosa, cyangwa wifuza gutanga icyifuzo cyo guhindura ibikubiye kuri uru rupapuro, nyamuneka koresha iyi fomu. Ku bibazo rusange, nyamuneka koresha fomu yacu yo kutwandikira. Kugira ngo ubone ibitekerezo rusange, koresha igice cy'ibitekerezo rusange kiri hepfo (kurikiza amabwiriza).
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