Iyi nkuru yasohotse ku bufatanye n'ikigo cyita ku busugire bw'abaturage, ikigo cy'itangazamakuru kidaharanira inyungu cyihaye intego yo gukora ubushakashatsi ku busumbane.
Bath. layer. igare. Kevin Hartley, Drew Wynn na Joshua Atkins bakoranaga mu mezi 10 nyuma y'uko bapfa, ariko bari barimo barakora. Ibikoresho biratandukanye, ariko impamvu ituma bamara igihe gito ni imwe: imiti ikoreshwa mu gukata amarangi n'ibindi bicuruzwa bigurishwa mu maduka. mu gihugu hose.
Mu gahinda n'ubwoba, imiryango yabo yiyemeje gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo methylene chloride idahitana undi muntu.
Ariko muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, inganda nke z’ibinyabutabire zahuye n’ingaruka nk’izo bitewe n’uburinzi bw’abakozi n’abaguzi. Bityo methylene chloride yabaye umwicanyi ruharwa, nubwo hari umuburo ku byago by’imyuka yayo na mbere yuko Hartley, Wayne na Atkins bavuka. Abantu benshi, niba atari benshi, bishwe mu myaka yashize nta nkunga y’ikigo icyo ari cyo cyose.
Nyuma y’iperereza ryakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Ubusugire bw’abaturage n’ibisabisho by’abaharanira umutekano, Ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyatanze igitekerezo cyo guhagarika burundu ikoreshwa ry’iki kiyobyabwenge mu gusiga amarangi.
Hari muri Mutarama 2017, iminsi ya nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa Obama. Hartley yapfuye muri Mata muri uwo mwaka, Wynn mu Ukwakira muri uwo mwaka, na Atkins muri Gashyantare mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, mu gihe ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwari bufite ishyaka ryo gukuraho amategeko kandi bushaka gukuraho aho kongeramo amategeko—cyane cyane ibidukikije bya EPA. Igitekerezo cya methylene chloride ntaho cyageze.
Ariko, amezi 13 nyuma y'urupfu rwa Atkins, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Trump, cyashyizweho igitutu, cyafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika kugurisha irangi ry’ibicuruzwa birimo methylene chloride. Muri Mata, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Biden cyatanze itegeko ribuza iyi shimi mu bicuruzwa byose bikoreshwa n’abantu ndetse n’ahantu henshi ho gukorera.
“Ntidukunda kubikora muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika,” Dr. Robert Harrison, umwarimu w’ubuvuzi bw’imyuga n’ibidukikije muri Kaminuza ya California, i San Francisco, yagize ati: “Iyi miryango ni intwari zanjye.”
Dore uko batsinze imbogamizi kugira ngo bagere kuri ibi bisubizo n'icyo bakugira inama niba urimo gufata inzira nk'iyo igoye, yaba ijyanye n'ibicuruzwa biteje akaga, ahantu hatekanye ho gukorera, umwanda cyangwa izindi mvune.
Brian Wynn, ufite murumuna we w'imyaka 31 witwa Drew, yaguze methylene chloride kugira ngo avugurure aho acururiza ikawa ikonje muri Carolina y'Epfo ndetse na firigo ikoreshwa mu gutwara abantu, agira ati: “No kugera ku bantu.”
Uko ni ko yavumbuye iperereza ku busugire bw’abaturage, ryasohotse imyaka ibiri mbere y’urupfu rwa murumuna we, avugana n’inzobere kandi amenya byose kuva aho yashoboraga kugura icyo gicuruzwa kugeza ku mpamvu impfu zari zikomeye cyane gukurikirana. (Imyuka ya methylene chloride yica iyo ikusanyije ahantu hafunze, kandi ishobora gutera indwara z’umutima zisa n’impfu zisanzwe iyo nta muntu ukora ibizamini by’uburozi.)
Inama zitangwa na Wendy Hartley, nyina wa Kevin: “Academic” ni ijambo ry’ingenzi mu gushakisha. Hashobora kuba hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi bugutegereje. Yanditse mu ibaruwa ye y’ubutumwa bwa elegitoroniki agira ati: “Ibi bizagufasha gutandukanya ibitekerezo n’ibintu bifatika.”
Lauren Atkins, umubyeyi wa Joshua w'imyaka 31, wapfuye ubwo yakoreshaga ikanya ya BMX, yavuganye na Harrison wo muri UCSF inshuro nyinshi. Muri Gashyantare 2018, yasanze umuhungu we yapfuye hasi hamwe n'ikibindi cya litiro y'isarangi kiri hafi aho.
Ubumenyi bwa Harrison kuri methylene chloride bwamufashije guhindura raporo z'uburozi bw'umuhungu we n'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwe mu isuzuma ry'imirambo ye mu buryo busobanutse neza, bikaba impamvu yumvikana y'urupfu. Ubu buryo butanga ishingiro rikomeye ryo kugira icyo ukora.
Akenshi, kwibasirwa n'imiti bishobora gutera ingaruka z'ubuzima mu gihe kirekire ku bantu zishobora kutagaragara mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi. Ihumana rishobora kuba inkuru isa n'iyo. Ariko niba ushaka ko za leta zigira icyo zikora kugira ngo zikemure ingaruka nk'izo, ubushakashatsi bw'ubushakashatsi buracyari intangiriro nziza.
Isoko nyamukuru y'intsinzi yabo ni uko umuryango wari ufitanye isano n'amatsinda yari asanzwe akora ku bibazo by'umutekano w'ibinyabutabire ndetse no hagati yabo.
Urugero, Lauren Atkins yabonye icyifuzo cya Change.org ku bicuruzwa bya methylene chloride cyavuye mu itsinda rishinzwe ubuvugizi rya Safe Chemicals for Healthy Families (ubu rikaba rizwi nka Toxic Free Future) maze asinya icyo cyifuzo mu rwego rwo kwibuka umuhungu we wari uherutse kubura. Brian Wayne yahise amurambura ukuboko.
Ingabo zikomeye zahuje imbaraga kugira ngo zigere ku byiza byazo. Hatabayeho igikorwa cya EPA, iyi miryango ntizagomba gutangira ku busa ihatira abacuruzi gukura ibicuruzwa mu bubiko bwabo: Safer Chemicals Healthier Families yatangije ubukangurambaga bwayo bwa “Mind the Stores” mu gusubiza ubwo bwoko bw’ubusabe.
Ntabwo bagomba kwishyiriraho amategeko y’ikigo cyangwa imikorere y’ubuvugizi ku musozi wa Capitol bonyine. Ibinyabutabire bidafite ingaruka mbi, imiryango ifite ubuzima bwiza, n’ikigega cyo kurengera ibidukikije bifite ubumenyi muri uru rwego.
Soma byinshi: 'Umutwaro w'ubuzima bwose': Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abirabura bakuze bapfa bazize ihumana ry'ikirere ku gipimo cya gatatu cy'abazungu bakuru
Kubona ururimi ku mihindagurikire y'ikirere Heather McTeer-Tony aharanira ubutabera bushingiye ku bidukikije mu majyepfo
“Iyo ushobora gushyira hamwe itsinda nk’iri… uba ufite imbaraga zikomeye cyane,” ibi ni ibyavuzwe na Brian Wynn, yerekeza ku Nama Nkuru y’Uburinzi bw’Umutungo Kamere nk’irindi tsinda riri gukurikirana iki kibazo.
Si buri wese ushishikajwe n'uru rugamba uzashobora kubigiramo uruhare rusange. Urugero, abimukira badafite uburenganzira buhoraho bwo kubaho bahura n'akaga gakomeye ko guhura n'ibibazo by'akazi, kandi kutagira uburenganzira bwo kubaho bishobora gutuma bigorana cyangwa ntibishoboke ko babivuga.
Iyo iyi miryango ishyize imbaraga zayo zose kuri EPA, ikigo gishobora kutagira icyo gitwara, cyane cyane bitewe n'uko ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwanze gukurikiza amabwiriza.
Bari gushyira igitutu ku bacuruzi “bacunga amaduka yabo” kugira ngo batagurisha irangi ririmo methylene chloride kugira ngo barokore ubuzima bw’abantu. Ibyifuzo n’imyigaragambyo byaragenze neza. Amasosiyete arimo Home Depot na Walmart yemeye guhagarika.
Barasaba abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko kugira icyo bakora binyuze mu Kigega cyita ku miti irinda impanuka, imiryango ifite ubuzima bwiza n'Ikigega cyita ku bidukikije. Berekeje i Washington bafite amafoto y'umuryango mu ntoki. Baganiriye n'abanyamakuru kandi bahabwa amakuru yatumye umwuka mubi urushaho kwiyongera.
Abasenateri ba Carolina y'Epfo n'umudepite bandikiye ibaruwa Scott Pruitt wari Umuyobozi w'Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije icyo gihe. Undi mudepite yatanze ikirego kuri Pruitt mu iburanisha ryo muri Mata 2018. Brian Wynn yizera ko ibi byose byafashije umuryango gutegura inama na Pruitt muri Gicurasi 2018.
Brian Wayne yagize ati: “Umurinzi yatunguwe cyane kuko nta muntu waje amusanga. Ni nko guhura n’igihugu kinini kandi gikomeye cya Oz.”
Mu nzira, umuryango watanze ikirego mu rukiko. Bakoresheje imbuga nkoranyambaga kugira ngo baburire abantu kutishyira mu kaga. Lauren Atkins yagiye mu maduka acuruza ibikoresho kugira ngo yirebere niba koko bari gukuramo ibicuruzwa bya methylene chloride mu bubiko bwabo nk'uko babivugaga. (Rimwe na rimwe yego, rimwe na rimwe oya.)
Niba ibi byose bisa nkaho bitoroshye, ntabwo wibeshye. Ariko imiryango itekereza ko byari byumvikana neza icyari kuba iyo itatabara.
Lauren Atkins yagize ati: “Nta kizakorwa, nk’uko bitari byarigeze bikorwa mbere.”
Intsinzi nto ziragwira. Ikintu kimwe cyatumye habaho ikindi kuko umuryango utacitse intege. Imitekerereze y'igihe kirekire ikunze kuba ngombwa: Gushyiraho amategeko ya leta biratinda.
Bishobora gufata imyaka myinshi cyangwa irenga kugira ngo ikigo kirangize ubushakashatsi bukenewe kugira ngo gitange itegeko. Icyo cyifuzo kigomba gutsinda inzitizi mbere yuko kirangizwa. Ariko, inzitizi iyo ari yo yose cyangwa ibisabwa bishya bishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Icyatumye imiryango ihagarikwa byihuse na EPA ni uko ikigo cyatanze igitekerezo mbere yo kugihagarika. Ariko hashize imyaka ibiri n'igice Kevin Hartley apfuye mbere y'uko amabwiriza y'Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije atangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Kandi ntabwo areba ikoreshwa ry'aho bakorera, nko gusiga amarangi mu bwogero Kevin w'imyaka 21 akora ku kazi.
Ariko, mu kigo hashobora gufatwa ibyemezo bitandukanye n'abayobozi batandukanye. Igitekerezo giheruka cya EPA, giteganijwe kwemezwa muri Kanama 2024, cyabuza ikoreshwa rya methylene chloride mu kazi mu bikorwa byinshi, harimo no gusiga irangi mu bwogero.
Lauren Atkins yagize ati: “Ugomba kwihangana. Ugomba kwihangana. Iyo bigeze ku buzima bw'umuntu, cyane cyane iyo bigeze ku bana bawe, urabibona. Ako kanya”.
Gukora impinduka biragoye. Bishobora kugorana kuzana impinduka kuko wowe cyangwa umuntu ukunda yakomerekejwe, nubwo bishobora gutanga ihumure ritagereranywa n'ikindi kintu cyose.
Lauren Atkins aragira ati: “Fata umukandara, kuko ibi bizaba ari ibyago bikomeye ku marangamutima. Abantu bahora bambaza, nubwo byaba bigoye kandi bibabaza, kuki nkomeza kubikora? Igisubizo cyanjye cyahoraga kandi kizakomeza kuba: “Rero ntugomba kwicara.” Rero ntugomba kuba uri hafi yanjye ukundi.
Yagize ati: “Ukora ute iyo watakaje igice cyawe? Hari igihe ntekereza ko umutima we wahagaze gutera kandi umutima wanjye wahagaze gutera kuri uwo munsi.” “Ariko kubera ko ntashaka ko abandi bantu banyura muri ibi kandi sinshaka ko abandi bantu batakaza ibyo Joshua yatakaje, ni yo ntego yanjye. Niteguye gukora icyo nshoboye cyose.”
Brian Wynne afite ibitekerezo nk'ibyo kandi akugira inama yo gukora ibikorwa bigabanya imihangayiko kugira ngo bigufashe kurangiza marato. Siporo ni iye. Yagize ati: “Ugomba gushaka aho uvana amarangamutima yawe.”
Wendy Hartley yavumbuye ko ubuvugizi bukiza ubwabwo - binyuze mu nkunga y'indi miryango n'umusaruro bageraho hamwe.
Kubera ko umuhungu we yatangaga ingingo z'umubiri, yagize ingaruka zitaziguye ku buzima bw'abandi. Birashimishije kubona umurage we ugera kure mu maduka no mu biro bya leta.
Yanditse ati: “Kevin yarokoye abandi bantu benshi, kandi azakomeza kurokora ubuzima mu myaka iri imbere.”
Niba urimo uharanira impinduka, biroroshye gutekereza ko abaharanira inyungu z'abandi bakoresha amafaranga kugira ngo bakomeze uko ibintu bimeze bazahora batsinda. Ariko ubunararibonye bwawe mu buzima bufite uburemere budashobora kugurwa.
Brian Wayne yagize ati: “Niba uzi kubara inkuru yawe, kandi ikaba ari igice cy'ubuzima bwawe, noneho ushobora kubikora — kandi igihe ushobora kubara iyo nkuru, amahirwe masa, abashinzwe gutanga ubutumwa.” “Tuza dufite ishyaka n'urukundo bitagira uko bisa.”
Inama ya Wendy Hartley: “Ntutinye kugaragaza amarangamutima yawe.” Vuga ku ngaruka aya marangamutima agira kuri wewe no ku muryango wawe. “Bagaragarize ingaruka zabo bwite ukoresheje amafoto.”
“Mu myaka itandatu ishize, iyo umuntu aza kuvuga ati ‘Iyo wataka cyane, leta yari kubyumva,’ nari guseka,” Lauren Atkins yagize ati “Urabizi? Ijwi rimwe rishobora kugira icyo rihindura. Ndatekereza ko ibyo ari bimwe mu bigize umurage w’umuhungu wanjye.”
Jamie Smith Hopkins ni umunyamakuru w’ikigo cy’itangazamakuru cyita ku busugire bw’abaturage, ikigo cy’itangazamakuru kidaharanira inyungu gisuzuma ubusumbane.