Iyi nkuru yasohotse ku bufatanye n'ikigo cyita ku busugire bw'abaturage, ikigo cy'itangazamakuru kidaharanira inyungu gisesengura ubusumbane.
ubwiherero. igare. Kevin Hartley, Drew Wynn, na Joshua Atkins bakoraga imirimo itandukanye ubwo bapfaga mu gihe kitarenze amezi 10, ariko impamvu yatumye bamara ubuzima yari imwe: imiti ikoreshwa mu gusiga amarangi n'ibindi bicuruzwa bigurishwa mu maduka hirya no hino mu gihugu.
Mu gahinda n'ubwoba byabo, umuryango wiyemeje gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo methylene chloride idakomeza kwica.
Ariko muri Amerika, hamwe n’amateka yayo adahwitse yo kurengera abakozi n’abaguzi, igitangaje ni imiti mike cyane yahuye n’icyo kibazo. Uku ni ko methylene chloride yabaye umwicanyi ruharwa, nubwo hari umuburo ku byago by’imyotsi yayo kera cyane mbere yuko Hartley, Wynn, na Atkins bavuka. Abantu benshi, niba atari benshi, bishwe mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize nta nkunga y’ikigo.
Nyuma y’iperereza ryakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Ubusugire bw’abaturage n’ibyifuzo by’abaharanira umutekano, Ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyatanze igitekerezo cyo guhagarika ikoreshwa ryacyo mu bikoresho bikuraho irangi.
Hari muri Mutarama 2017, iminsi ya nyuma y’ubutegetsi bwa Obama. Hartley yapfuye muri Mata muri uwo mwaka, Wynn mu Ukwakira muri uwo mwaka, Atkins muri Gashyantare mu mwaka wakurikiyeho kubera ubwivumbure bwa guverinoma ya Trump, kandi ubutegetsi bwa Trump burashaka gukuraho amategeko, ntabwo bwongerewemo, cyane cyane mu Kigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije. Icyifuzo cya methylene chloride cyabaye imfabusa.
Ariko, amezi 13 nyuma y'urupfu rwa Atkins, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Trump, cyashyizweho igitutu, cyafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika kugurisha irangi ry’ibicuruzwa birimo methylene chloride. Muri Mata, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cya Biden cyatanze igitekerezo cyo guhagarika iyi miti ku bicuruzwa byose bikoreshwa n’abantu ndetse n’aho bakorera.
“Ntidukunda kubikora muri Amerika,” Dr. Robert Harrison, umwarimu w’ubuvuzi bw’imyuga n’ibidukikije muri Kaminuza ya California, i San Francisco, yagize ati: “Iyi miryango ni intwari zanjye.”
Dore uko batsinda amahirwe yo kubona ibi bisubizo, n'inama zabo niba uri mu nzira imwe igoye, byaba ibifitanye isano n'ibicuruzwa biteje akaga, aho gukorera hatekanye, umwanda, cyangwa ibindi bibazo.
Brian Wynn, ufite murumuna we w'imyaka 31 witwa Drew, yaguze ikintu cya dichloromethane kugira ngo avugurure iduka rye rya kawa rikonje muri Carolina y'Epfo, yagize ati: “Kora kuri Google byose.”
Dore uko yamenye ibijyanye n'iperereza ryatangajwe imyaka ibiri mbere y'urupfu rwa murumuna we, avugana n'inzobere kandi amenya byose kuva aho yagura ibiribwa kugeza ku mpamvu izi mpfu zigoye kuzikurikirana. (Imyuka ya methylene chloride yica iyo yishyize hamwe mu nzu, kandi ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutera indwara z'umutima busa n'urupfu rusanzwe iyo nta muntu ukora ibizamini bya toxicology.)
Inama zitangwa na nyina wa Kevin, Wendy Hartley: “Inyigisho” ni ijambo ry’ingenzi mu gushakisha. Hashobora kuba hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi bugutegereje. Yanditse mu ibaruwa ye y’ubutumwa bw’ibaruwa ati: “Ibi bizagufasha gutandukanya ibitekerezo n’ukuri.”
Lauren Atkins, nyina wa Joshua w'imyaka 31, wapfuye agerageza gukosora ipine ye ya BMX, yavuganye na UCSF Harrison inshuro nyinshi. Muri Gashyantare 2018, yasanze umuhungu we yapfuye apfuye iruhande rw'agacupa ka litiro imwe k'umuti wo gusiga amarangi.
Ubumenyi bwa Harrison kuri methylene chloride bwamufashije guhindura raporo z'uburozi bw'umuhungu we n'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwe ku rupfu rwe mu buryo bufatika bw'urupfu. Uku gusobanuka neza ni ishingiro rikomeye ryo kugira icyo ukora.
Akenshi, imiti ihumanya ikirere itinda kwangiza abantu, bigatera ingaruka ku buzima zishobora kutagaragara mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi. Ihumana rishobora kuba inkuru isa n'iyo. Ariko ubushakashatsi bw'ubushakashatsi buracyari intangiriro nziza niba ushaka ko za leta zigira icyo zikora kuri izi ngaruka.
Isoko nyamukuru ry’intsinzi yabo ni uko iyi miryango ifitanye isano n’amatsinda asanzwe akora ku bijyanye n’umutekano w’ibinyabutabire kandi afitanye isano hagati yayo.
Urugero, Lauren Atkins yabonye urupapuro kuri Change.org ruvuga ku bicuruzwa bya methylene chloride rwavuye mu itsinda rishinzwe ubuvugizi rya Safer Chemicals Healthy Families, ubu rikaba riri mu itsinda rishinzwe Toxin-Free Future, maze arushyiraho umukono mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro umuhungu we wari uherutse gupfa. Brian Wynn yahise arambuye ukuboko kwe.
Gukorana ku giti cyabo bifashisha imbaraga zabo. Mu gihe nta gikorwa cya EPA gikozwe, iyi miryango ntigomba gutangira bundi bushya ngo ihatire abacuruzi gukuramo ibicuruzwa byabo: Safer Chemicals Healthy Families yatangije ubukangurambaga bwa "Think Store" mu gusubiza ibyo byifuzo.
Kandi ntibagomba kumenya imikorere y’imbere mu gushyiraho amategeko mu nzego cyangwa ubuvugizi kuri Capitol Hill ubwabo. Safer Chemicals Healthy Families n’Ikigega cyo Kurengera Ibidukikije bafite ubumenyi muri uru rwego.
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Kubona ururimi ku mihindagurikire y'ikirere Heather McTeer Toney aharanira ubutabera bushingiye ku bidukikije mu Majyepfo
“Iyo ushobora gushyira hamwe itsinda nk’iri… uba ufite imbaraga nyazo,” ibi ni ibyatangajwe na Brian Wynn, avuga ko Inama Nkuru y’Uburinzi bw’Umutungo Kamere, irindi tsinda rishinzwe kuri iki kibazo.
Si buri wese ushishikajwe n'uru rugamba uzashobora kubigiramo uruhare rusange. Urugero, abimukira badafite uburenganzira buhoraho bwo kuba mu kazi bafite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n'ibibazo by'akazi, kandi kutagira uburenganzira bwo kuba mu kazi bishobora gutuma bigorana cyangwa bidashoboka ko babivuga.
Igitangaje ni uko iyo miryango iramutse yibanze ku Kigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije, icyo kigo gishobora kuba kidakora, cyane cyane mu gihe cya guverinoma ya Trump.
Bakoresheje Mind the Store, barasaba abacuruzi kurokora ubuzima badacuruza irangi ririmo methylene chloride. Ibyifuzo n'imyigaragambyo byaragenze neza. Amasosiyete nka Home Depot na Walmart yemeye guhagarika rimwe ku rindi.
Binyuze mu bikorwa bya Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families na Environmental Defense Fund, barasaba abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko kugira icyo bakora. Berekeza i Washington bafite ifoto y'umuryango. Baganiriye n'abanyamakuru, maze inkuru zibatera imbaraga kurushaho.
Abasenateri bo muri Carolina y'Epfo n'umwe mu bagize Kongere bandikiye Scott Pruitt, wari umuyobozi w'Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije icyo gihe. Undi mudepite yasabye Pruitt kuva mu kiganiro kuri iki kibazo mu iburanisha ryo muri Mata 2018. Ibi byose, nk'uko Brian Wynn abivuga, byafashije imiryango gutegura inama na Pruitt muri Gicurasi 2018.
Brian Wynn yagize ati: “Umutekano waratunguwe kuko nta muntu n'umwe wagiye kumureba. Ni nk'aho uhuye na Oz ikomeye kandi ikomeye.”
Mu nzira, imiryango yitabaje inkiko. Bakoresheje imbuga nkoranyambaga kugira ngo baburire abantu kutishyira mu kaga. Lauren Atkins yagiye mu iduka ry’ibikoresho kugira ngo yirebere niba koko bakoze ibyo bavugaga ko bakora kugira ngo bakure ibicuruzwa bya methylene chloride ku bigega. (Rimwe na rimwe yego, rimwe na rimwe oya.)
Niba ibi byose bisa nkaho binaniza, ntabwo wibeshye. Ariko imiryango yasobanuye neza uko byagenda iyo itabatabara.
Lauren Atkins yagize ati: “Nta kizakorwa, kuko nta na kimwe cyigeze gikorwa mbere.”
Intsinzi nto ziragwira. Ikintu kimwe kijyana ikindi mu gihe umuryango udacika intege. Akenshi hakenewe ubwumvikane bw'igihe kirekire: gushyiraho amategeko ya leta biratinda.
Bishobora gufata imyaka myinshi cyangwa irenga kugira ngo ikigo kirangize ubushakashatsi bukenewe kugira ngo gikore itegeko. Icyo cyifuzo cyagombaga kunyura mu nzitizi mbere yuko kirangizwa. Ariko, amabwiriza cyangwa ibisabwa bishya bizagenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita.
Icyatumye imiryango ibona itegeko rya EPA ryo guhagarika igice cy’ibicuruzwa vuba cyane, ni uko ikigo cyasohoye igitekerezo mbere yo kugihagarika. Ariko itegeko rya EPA ntiryatangiye gukurikizwa kugeza nyuma y’imyaka 2.5 Kevin Hartley apfuye. Kandi ntibatanga serivisi zo gukoresha mu kazi - nka Kevin w’imyaka 21 urimo gukora mu bwiherero ku kazi.
Ariko, ikigo gishobora gufata ibyemezo bitandukanye bitewe n'ushinzwe. Igitekerezo giheruka cya EPA, giteganijwe muri Kanama 2024, cyabuza ikoreshwa rya methylene chloride mu kazi kenshi, harimo no kuvugurura ubwogero.
Lauren Atkins agira ati: “Ugomba kwihangana. Ugomba gutitiriza. Iyo bibaye mu buzima bw'umuntu, cyane cyane iyo ari abana bawe, urabibona. Biba biri kuba ubu.”
Guhindura ibintu biragoye. Gushaka impinduka bitewe nuko wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda yakomerekejwe bishobora kugorana cyane, nubwo byatanga ihumure ritagereranywa n'ikindi kintu cyose.
Lauren Atkins araburira ati: “Abantu bahora bambaza impamvu nkomeza kubikora nubwo bintera amarangamutima kandi bigoye? Igisubizo cyanjye cyahoraga kandi kizahora ari iki: “Rero ntugomba kwicara mu mwanya wanjye. Singomba kuba ndi aho ndi.”
“Ubyumva ute iyo utakaje igice cyawe? Hari igihe numva umutima we wahagaze ku munsi umwe n’uwanjye,” uyu mugore yaravuze. “Ariko kubera ko ntashaka ko hagira unyura muri ibi, sinshaka ko hagira utakaza icyo Joshua yatakaje, kandi iyo ni yo ntego yanjye. Niteguye gukora icyo ari cyo cyose.”
Brian Wynn, ufite ishyaka nk'iryo, atanga ikiganiro cyo kugabanya imihangayiko kugira ngo agufashe kurangiza marato yawe. Siporo ni iye. Yagize ati: “Ugomba gushaka uburyo bwo kurekura amarangamutima yawe.”
Wendy Hartley yizera ko ubuvugizi bukiza ubwabwo binyuze mu nkunga y'indi miryango n'umusaruro bageraho hamwe.
Kubera ko umuhungu we yatangaga ingingo z'umubiri, yagize ingaruka zitaziguye ku buzima bw'abandi. Ni byiza kubona umurage we ukwirakwira cyane mu maduka no mu biro bya leta.
Yanditse ati: “Kevin yarokoye abantu benshi kandi azakomeza kurokora ubuzima mu myaka iri imbere.”
Niba urimo uharanira impinduka, biroroshye gutekereza ko abakangurambaga bishyura kugira ngo bakomeze kuba uko ibintu bimeze bazahora batsinda. Ariko ubunararibonye bwawe mu buzima bufite uburemere budashobora kugurwa.
Brian Wayne yagize ati: “Niba uzi kubara inkuru yawe, ni igice cy’ubuzima bwawe, noneho ushobora kubikora – kandi iyo ushobora kubara iyo nkuru, amahirwe masa kuri wewe, umuvugizi w’abakora ibiganiro.” “Twaje dufite ishyaka n’urukundo bitagereranywa.”
Inama ya Wendy Hartley: “Ntutinye kugaragaza amarangamutima yawe.” Vuga ingaruka byagize kuri wewe no ku muryango wawe. “Bagaragarize ingaruka bwite ukoresheje amafoto.”
“Mu myaka itandatu ishize, iyo umuntu aza kuvuga ati ‘Niba uvuze cyane gutya, leta izakumva,’ nari guseka,” Lauren Atkins yagize ati “Urabizi? Ijwi rimwe rishobora kugira icyo rihindura. Ndatekereza ko ari kimwe mu bigize umurage w’umuhungu wanjye.”
Jamie Smith Hopkins ni umunyamakuru w’ikigo cy’itangazamakuru cyita ku busugire bw’abaturage, ikigo cy’itangazamakuru kidaharanira inyungu gikora iperereza ku busumbane.