Abakora resini zikoreshwa muri byose kuva ku byatsi bya pulasitiki kugeza ku miyoboro y’inganda, ibice by’imodoka n’imitsi y’umutima bahura n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ndetse n’ihungabana ry’imiyoboro y’ibikoresho bishobora kumara imyaka myinshi. Icyorezo ni kimwe mu byabiteye.
Muri uyu mwaka gusa, kugabanuka kw'itangwa rya resin byatumye ibiciro bya resin bizamukaho 30% bigera kuri 50%, nk'uko bitangazwa n'ikigo cy'ubujyanama cya AlixPartners. Kimwe mu bintu bikomeye byatumye ibiciro bya resin byiyongera uyu mwaka ni inkubi y'umuyaga y'itumba yahagaritse Texas mu gice kimwe cya Gashyantare.
Abakora resin muri Texas na Louisiana bafashe ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo batangire kongera gukora, kandi na n'ubu, benshi baracyari mu nzira zikomeye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, icyifuzo cya resin kiruta cyane itangwa, bigatuma abakora bagerageza kugura polyethylene, PVC, nylon, epoxy, n'ibindi.
Texas niho hari 85% by'umusaruro wa polyethylene muri Amerika, ikaba ari yo plastiki ikoreshwa cyane ku isi. Ibura ry'imvura iterwa n'imvura y'itumba ryarushijeho kwiyongera bitewe n'ibihe by'inkubi y'umuyaga yo mu nyanja ya Gulf.
“Mu gihe cy’inkubi y’umuyaga, abakora ibikoresho nta mwanya wo gukora amakosa baba bafite,” ibi byavuzwe na Sudeep Suman, umuyobozi wa AlixPartners.
Ibi byose bije byiyongera ku icyorezo gikomeje kudindiza inganda kuko icyifuzo cy’ibintu byose kuva ku mavuta yo mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi n’ibikoresho byo kwirinda kugeza ku bikoresho bya pulasitiki n’amasakoshi yo kubitanga cyiyongera cyane.
Ubu, abarenga 60% by'inganda zikora bagaragaza ko hari ibura rya resin, nk'uko bigaragazwa n'amakuru y'ubushakashatsi bwa AlixPartners. Biteze ko iki kibazo gishobora kumara imyaka itatu kugeza ubwo ubushobozi buzaba bugeze ku busabe. Suman yavuze ko hari ubutabazi bushobora gutangira mu mpera z'umwaka, ariko nubwo bimeze bityo hari ibindi bibazo bizahora bigaragara.
Kubera ko resin ari umusaruro ukomoka ku gutunganya peteroli, ikintu cyose gitera kugabanuka k'ibikorwa byo gutunganya peteroli cyangwa gukenera lisansi gishobora gutera ingaruka mbi, bigatuma resin igorana kuboneka kandi irushaho guhenda.
Urugero, inkubi z'umuyaga zishobora kwangiza ubushobozi bw'inganda zitunganya amashanyarazi hafi igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Inganda zitunganya amashanyarazi zo mu majyepfo ya Louisiana zatumye inganda zitagira amazi ubwo inkubi y'umuyaga Ida yakubitaga muri iyo leta n'aho ikorera ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Ku wa mbere, umunsi umwe nyuma y'uko inkubi y'umuyaga yo mu cyiciro cya 4 iguye, S&P Global yavuze ko amabakure miliyoni 2.2 ku munsi y'ubushobozi bwo gutunganya amashanyarazi atari kuri interineti.
Gukundwa cyane kw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'impinduka z'ikirere bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bintu byinshi, bigatuma umusaruro wa peteroli ugabanuka kandi resin ikorwa nke nk'umusaruro w'uwo musaruro ikavamo. Igitutu cya politiki cyo kureka gucukura peteroli gishobora kandi guteza ibibazo ku bakora resin n'abayishingikirizaho.
“Uruhererekane rw’ihungabana rurimo gusimbura uruhererekane rw’ubukungu,” Suman yagize ati. “Ihungabana ni ikintu gishya gisanzwe. Resin ni semiconductor nshya.”
Abakora bakenera resins ubu bafite amahitamo make cyangwa ubundi buryo buke. Bamwe mu bakora bashobora gusimbuza resins yasubijwe gukoreshwa. Ariko, amafaranga bazigama ashobora kuba make. Ndetse n'ibiciro bya resins byongeye gusya byazamutseho 30% bigera kuri 40%, nk'uko Suman yabitangaje.
Abakora ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rw'ibiribwa bafite ibisabwa byihariye bigabanya ubushobozi bwabo bwo gusimbuza ibice bimwe na bimwe. Ku rundi ruhande, abakora inganda bafite amahitamo menshi, nubwo impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu mikorere ishobora guteza ibiciro by'umusaruro byiyongera cyangwa ibibazo by'imikorere.
Suman avuga ko iyo resin runaka ari yo nzira yonyine, kureba ihungabana ry'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa uko ibintu bimeze ni ingenzi. Ibyo bishobora gusobanura gutegura mbere y'igihe, kwishyura amafaranga menshi yo kubika no kubika ibintu byinshi mu bubiko.
Ferriot, ikigo cyo muri Ohio gifite ubumenyi burimo gukoresha inshinge mu gushushanya no guhitamo resin, igira inama abakiriya bayo kwemeza resin nyinshi zo gukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa byayo kugira ngo ibashe guhitamo mu gihe habayeho ikibazo cy’ibura ry’imashini.
“Ibi bigira ingaruka ku muntu wese ukora ibice bya pulasitiki – kuva ku bicuruzwa bikoreshwa n’abaguzi kugeza ku bicuruzwa by’inganda,” uyu ni Liz Lipply, ushinzwe serivisi z’abakiriya n’ubucuruzi muri Ferriot.
Yagize ati: “Mu by’ukuri igenzurwa n’uyikora ndetse n’uko ibikoresho fatizo byo gukoramo resin bihari.”
Nubwo icyorezo cyateje ibura rikomeye rya resine z’ibicuruzwa nka polyethylene, abakora insengero zikoresha resine z’ubuhanga muri rusange ntibashoboye kuzigama kugeza uyu mwaka, nk’uko yabitangaje.
Ariko ubu, igihe giteganyijwe cyo gutanga ubwoko bwinshi bwa resin cyongerewe kuva ku kwezi kugera ku mezi make. Ferriot agira inama abakiriya gushora imari mu kubaka umubano n'abatanga serivisi, atari ugutegura mbere y'igihe gusa ahubwo no gutegura ibindi bibazo byose bishobora kuvuka.
Muri icyo gihe, abakora ibikoresho bashobora gufata ibyemezo bikomeye ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo guhangana n'izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ibikoresho.
Iyi nkuru yasohotse bwa mbere mu kinyamakuru cyacu cya buri cyumweru, Supply Chain Dive: Procurement. Iyandikishe hano.
Ingingo zaganiriweho: Ibikoresho, Imizigo, Ibikorwa, Gutanga Isoko, Amategeko, Ikoranabuhanga, Ingaruka/Ubudahangarwa, n'ibindi.
Amasosiyete yongereye imbaraga mu kubungabunga ibidukikije nyuma y’uko icyorezo kigaragaje uburyo ihungabana rishobora kwangiza urusobe rw’ibikoresho.
Abashinzwe ibikorwa bashyizeho gahunda yo kugabanya ububiko bw'ibikoresho no kongera abakozi mu gihe cy'iburanisha ryihutirwa. Ariko abayobozi bagaragaje ko kugabanya imikorere bishobora gufata amezi menshi.
Ingingo zaganiriweho: Ibikoresho, Imizigo, Ibikorwa, Gutanga Isoko, Amategeko, Ikoranabuhanga, Ingaruka/Ubudahangarwa, n'ibindi.
Ingingo zaganiriweho: Ibikoresho, Imizigo, Ibikorwa, Gutanga Isoko, Amategeko, Ikoranabuhanga, Ingaruka/Ubudahangarwa, n'ibindi.
Ingingo zaganiriweho: Ibikoresho, Imizigo, Ibikorwa, Gutanga Isoko, Amategeko, Ikoranabuhanga, Ingaruka/Ubudahangarwa, n'ibindi.
Ingingo zaganiriweho: Ibikoresho, Imizigo, Ibikorwa, Gutanga Isoko, Amategeko, Ikoranabuhanga, Ingaruka/Ubudahangarwa, n'ibindi.
Amasosiyete yongereye imbaraga mu kubungabunga ibidukikije nyuma y’uko icyorezo kigaragaje uburyo ihungabana rishobora kwangiza urusobe rw’ibikoresho.
Abashinzwe ibikorwa bashyizeho gahunda yo kugabanya ububiko bw'ibikoresho no kongera abakozi mu gihe cy'iburanisha ryihutirwa. Ariko abayobozi bagaragaje ko kugabanya imikorere bishobora gufata amezi menshi.
Ingingo zaganiriweho: Ibikoresho, Imizigo, Ibikorwa, Gutanga Isoko, Amategeko, Ikoranabuhanga, Ingaruka/Ubudahangarwa, n'ibindi.