KAWANISH, Ubuyapani, 15 Ugushyingo 2022 /PRNewswire/ — Ibibazo by’ibidukikije nk’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, igabanuka ry’umutungo kamere, ibura ry’ibinyabuzima, ihumana rya pulasitiki no gutema amashyamba biterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage ku isi biri kwiyongera cyane.
Dioxyde de carbone (CO2) ni imyuka ihumanya ikirere kandi ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Muri urwo rwego, inzira yitwa "fotosinthesiyo y'ubukorano (photoreduction ya dioxyde de carbone)" ishobora gukora ibikoresho fatizo by'umwimerere byo gukora ibikomoka kuri lisansi n'imiti biva muri dioxyde de carbone, amazi n'ingufu z'izuba, nk'uko ibimera bibikora. Muri icyo gihe, bigabanya imyuka ya CO2 ihumanya ikirere, ikoreshwa nk'ibiribwa by'ingufu n'imiti. Kubwibyo, fotosinthesiyo y'ubukorano izwi nka bumwe mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu kurengera ibidukikije.
MOF (ibyuma-organic frameworks) ni ibikoresho bitagira imyenge bigizwe n'amatsinda y'ibyuma bidafite ireme n'ibihuza organic. Bishobora kugenzurwa ku rwego rwa molekile mu bwoko bwa nano hamwe n'ubuso bunini. Bitewe n'iyi miterere, MOF zishobora gukoreshwa mu kubika gaze, gutandukanya, gushyiramo ibyuma, gukwirakwiza imiti, gutanga imiti, gutunganya amazi, sensors, electrodes, filters, nibindi. MOF ziherutse kugaragara ko zifite ubushobozi bwo gufata CO2, ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibintu organic binyuze muri CO2 photoreduction, izwi kandi nka artificiency fotosynthesis.
Ku rundi ruhande, utudomo twa quantum ni ibikoresho bito cyane (nanometero 0.5–9) bifite imiterere y’urumuri ikurikiza amategeko ya quantum chemistry na quantum mechanics. Byitwa "atome z’ubukorano cyangwa molekile z’ubukorano" kuko buri kadomo ka quantum kagizwe na atome nke cyangwa molekile ibihumbi gusa. Muri ubu bwoko bw’ingano, urwego rw’ingufu za electron ntirukomeza kandi rugatandukana bitewe n’ikintu kizwi nka quantum confinement effect. Muri iki gihe, uburebure bw’urumuri rusohoka buzaterwa n’ingano ya quantum dot. Utu dudomo twa quantum dushobora kandi gukoreshwa muri fotosine y’ubukorano bitewe n’ubushobozi bwazo bwo kwinjiza urumuri rwinshi, ubushobozi bwo gukora exciton nyinshi n’ubuso bunini.
MOFs na dots za quantum byakozwe na Green Science Alliance. Mbere, bakoresheje neza MOF-quantum dot composites kugira ngo bakore aside formic nk'umusemburo wihariye wa fotosine y'ubukorano. Ariko, izi catalysts ziri mu ishusho y'ifu kandi izi fu za catalysts zigomba gukusanywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyungurura muri buri gikorwa. Kubwibyo, biragoye kuzikoresha mu nganda nyazo kuko izi nzira zidakomeza.
Mu gusubiza, Bwana Kajino Tetsuro, Bwana Iwabayashi Hirohisa, na Dr. Mori Ryohei bo muri Green Science Alliance Co., Ltd. bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryabo kugira ngo bahagarike izi catalysts zidasanzwe za fotosite zikozwe mu bukorikori ku mwenda uhendutse w'imyenda maze bafungura uruganda rushya rwa aside formike. Iyi gahunda ishobora gukorwa buri gihe mu nganda. Nyuma yo kurangiza gukora fotosite y'ubukorikori, amazi arimo aside formike ashobora gukurwamo akayakuramo, hanyuma amazi mashya ashobora kongerwa mu gikoresho kugira ngo hakomeze gusubukurwa fotosite y'ubukorikori.
Aside formike ishobora gusimbura lisansi ya hydrogen. Imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zituma umuryango ushingiye kuri hydrogen udakomeza gukoresha sosiyete ishingiye kuri hydrogen ni uko hydrogen, atome ntoya cyane mu isanzure, igoye kubika, kandi byaba bihenze cyane kubaka ikigega cya hydrogen gifunze neza. Byongeye kandi, gazi ya hydrogen ishobora guturika no guteza akaga mu mutekano. Biroroshye cyane kubika aside formike nk'isansi kuko ari amazi. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, aside formike ishobora gutuma habaho hydrogen ikora. Byongeye kandi, aside formike ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo mu bintu bitandukanye bya shimi.
Nubwo ubushobozi bwa fotosine y’ubukorano bukiri hasi cyane muri iki gihe, ihuriro ry’abahanga mu bya siyansi y’ibidukikije rizakomeza kurwana no kongera ubushobozi no gushyiraho fotosine y’ubukorano ikoreshwa by’ukuri.