Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika (EPA) kirateganya guhagarika ikoreshwa ryinshi rya dichloromethane (methylene chloride) hakurikijwe Itegeko rigenga uburozi (TSCA), rigenga politiki y’ubutabire muri Amerika. Dichloromethane ni umuti ukoreshwa cyane muri laboratwari mu bintu nka kole, ibifunga, ibikuraho amavuta n’ibigabanya irangi. Ni ikintu cya kabiri kigenzurwa hakurikijwe uburyo bushya bwa Tsca, bwakozwe mu 2016, nyuma ya asbestos umwaka ushize.
Igitekerezo cya EPA gisaba ko habaho guhagarika ikorwa, itunganywa n'ikwirakwizwa rya dichloromethane ku bicuruzwa byose bikoreshwa n'abaguzi, guhagarika ikoreshwa ry'inganda n'ubucuruzi, no kugenzura cyane ibikorwa byo mu kazi ku bindi bicuruzwa bikoreshwa.
Imikoreshereze ya methylene chloride muri laboratwari izagenzurwa na gahunda kandi izagenzurwa na gahunda yo kurinda imiti yo mu kazi, ntabwo ari itegeko. Iyi gahunda igabanya impuzandengo y’ibice 2 kuri miliyoni (ppm) mu masaha 8 na 16 ppm mu minota 15.
Igitekerezo Gishya cya EPA Kizashyiraho Imipaka Mishya ku Rugero rw'Indwara ya Dichloromethane muri Laboratwari
Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyagaragaje ibyago byo kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw'abantu bitewe no guhumeka no guhura n'icyorezo cya methylene chloride ku ruhu, harimo n'uburozi bw'ubwonko n'ingaruka ku mwijima. Icyo kigo cyasanze kandi guhumeka igihe kirekire no guhura n'icyo kintu zongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri.
Atangaza icyifuzo cy’ikigo ku ya 20 Mata, Umuyobozi wa EPA, Michael Regan, yagize ati: “Ubumenyi bw’inyuma ya methylene chloride burasobanutse neza kandi ingaruka zayo zishobora gutera ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima ndetse n’urupfu. Abantu benshi cyane babuze ababo bazize uburozi bukabije.” umuryango”.
Kuva mu 1980, nibura abantu 85 bapfuye bazize methylene chloride ikabije, nk'uko EPA ibivuga. Abenshi muri bo bari abakora imirimo yo gusana amazu, bamwe muri bo bakaba baratojwe neza kandi bambaye ibikoresho byo kwirinda. Iki kigo cyavuze ko abantu benshi "bafite ingaruka mbi kandi z'igihe kirekire ku buzima, harimo n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri."
Mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwa Obama, Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyagaragaje ko irangi rya methylene chloride ryari “rishobora kwangiza ubuzima.” Mu 2019, ikigo cyabujije kugurisha ibyo bicuruzwa ku baguzi, ariko cyaregewe n’abavugizi b’ubuzima rusange bavugaga ko ayo mategeko adahagije kandi ko ingamba zikaze zagombaga gufatwa vuba.
EPA yiteze ko impinduka nyinshi nshya yateganyije zizashyirwa mu bikorwa mu mezi 15, kandi ko zigera kuri 52% ku musaruro uteganyijwe ku mwaka ku bicuruzwa bya TSCA. Iki kigo cyavuze ko ku bicuruzwa byinshi bya dichloromethane giteganya guhagarika, ibicuruzwa bisimbura ibindi bikunze kuboneka ku giciro kimwe.
Ariko Inama Nkuru y’Abanyamerika ishinzwe ibinyabutabire (ACC), ihagarariye amasosiyete y’ibinyabutabire yo muri Amerika, yahise irwanya EPA, ivuga ko methylene chloride ari "ikintu cy'ingenzi" gikoreshwa mu gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi bicuruzwa.
Mu gusubiza itangazo rya EPA, itsinda ry’inganda ryagaragaje impungenge ko ibi "byazana ukudasobanutse neza n’urujijo mu mategeko" ku bipimo by’umutekano n’ubuzima bya methylene chloride Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe umutekano w’akazi muri Amerika kigenderaho. Ikigo cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze gikomeza kivuga ko EPA "itarafata icyemezo cy’uko ari ngombwa" gushyiraho indi mipaka y’ibiza ku kazi ku byamaze gushyirwaho.
Ishyirahamwe ry’abahuzabikorwa ryanashinje EPA kuba ryarananiwe gusuzuma neza ingaruka z’ibyifuzo byaryo ku ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa. “Uburemere bw’igabanuka ryihuse ry’umusaruro bushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa mu gihe abakora ibicuruzwa bafite amasezerano bagomba kubahiriza, cyangwa niba abakora ibicuruzwa bafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika burundu umusaruro,” ACC yabiburiye, “bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa by’ingenzi, harimo n’uruhererekane rw’imiti n’ibindi bikorwa by’ingenzi bifatwa nk’ibishobora kwangirika bitewe n’ingufu za EPA.”
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© Royal Society of Chemistry document.write(new Date().getFullYear()); Nomero yo kwiyandikisha y'ubugiraneza: 207890