Ku ya 3 Gicurasi 2023, EPA yasohoye itegeko ryatanzwe mu gitabo cya Leta gishinzwe gukumira ikoreshwa rya methylene chloride.
, kandi dichloromethane ni yo miti ya kabiri ishobora kugenzurwa n’ingaruka zayo hakurikijwe inzira y’ivugurura yashyizweho na Frank R. Lautenberg. Itegeko ry’Umutekano w’Ibinyabutabire ryo mu kinyejana cya 21 ryo mu 2016. Umwaka ushize, ikigo cyatanze ingamba zo kurinda abantu kwanduzwa na asbestos.
Dichloromethane ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, harimo n'ikoreshwa ry'abaguzi nko gukaraba aerosol n'imashini zisukura uburoso mu marangi no mu gusiga amarangi, ikoreshwa mu bucuruzi nko gukodesha no gufunga, hamwe n'ikoreshwa mu nganda mu gukora indi miti. Urugero, dichloromethane ikoreshwa nk'ikinyabutabire mu gukora hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) 32, ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bivangwa bikorerwa muri firigo byagenewe gusimbuza ibintu bifite ubushobozi bwo kwiyongera bw'ubushyuhe bw'isi.
Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije kivuga ko nibura abarwayi 85 bapfuye bazize gukubitwa na methylene chloride kuva mu 1980, abenshi muri bo bakaba ari abakozi bashinzwe imirimo yo gutunganya amazu, ndetse no mu gihe bari barahuguwe neza kandi bafite ibikoresho byo kwirinda.
Ibisobanuro by’ikigo ku ngaruka za dichloromethane ntabwo byumvikana kandi bishingiye ku ngaruka ziterwa n’abakozi, abakoresha imiti y’ubutabire (abakozi bari hafi ariko batahuye n’iyo miti), abayikoresha n’abayikoresha hafi yabo. Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije cyagaragaje ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu ziterwa no guhumeka no kwanduzwa n’uruhu na methylene chloride, harimo uburozi bw’ubwonko, ingaruka ku mwijima na kanseri.
Amategeko ateganyijwe yo gucunga ingaruka azagabanya vuba umusaruro, itunganywa n'ikwirakwizwa rya methylene chloride ku bicuruzwa byose bikoreshwa n'abaguzi ndetse n'ikoreshwa ryinshi mu nganda no mu bucuruzi, inyinshi muri zo zizashyirwa mu bikorwa neza mu mezi 15. Isesengura ryagaragaje ko ku bicuruzwa byinshi bya methylene chloride EPA yatanze itegeko ryo guhagarika, hari ibindi bicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe bifite igiciro n'ubushobozi nk'ubw'ibicuruzwa bya methylene chloride.
“Ibimenyetso bya siyansi bya methylene chloride birasobanutse, kandi kwibasirwa na methylene chloride bishobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, ndetse n’urupfu, ku bantu benshi cyane,” uyu ni Michael S. Regan, umuyobozi wa EPA, mu itangazo ryavuye muri iki kigo. “Niyo mpamvu EPA ifata ingamba zo gutanga inama yo guhagarika ikoreshwa ry’iki kinyabutabire, ndetse no kurinda ubuzima bw’abakozi no kugabanya kwibasirwa n’iki kinyabutabire mu bindi bihe byose binyuze mu gushyiraho uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura aho bakorera. Iri tegeko ryatanzwe mu mateka rigaragaza intambwe ikomeye twateye mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba nshya zo kwirinda ibinyabutabire no gufata ingamba twari dutegereje igihe kirekire kugira ngo turusheho kurinda ubuzima rusange.”
“Ku bijyanye n’inganda, gutunganya inganda, no gukoresha mu gihugu hose, ibyo EPA idasaba, EPA itanga gahunda yo kurinda imiti yo mu kazi irimo imipaka ikomeye yo gukurura abakozi,” ibi byavuzwe mu itangazo. Ishobora kuba imaze kuzuza imipaka ikomeye yo gukurura methylene chloride. Ibi bisabwa bizatuma methylene chloride ikomeza gutunganywa kugira ngo ikore imiti ifite akamaro mu kurwanya ubushyuhe bw’isi. Ibikoresho bikonjesha n’ibindi binyabutabire bigira uruhare runini mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. , kandi itegeko rya EPA rishyigikira izindi ngamba zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.”
Byongeye kandi, EPA isaba ko imikoreshereze imwe n'imwe ya dichloromethane isabwa na NASA, DOD na FAA ikomeza kugenzurwa cyane mu kazi, kuko kugaragara kw'ibiyobyabwenge bishobora kugabanuka cyane muri ibi bihe bigoye cyane, bityo bikagabanya ibyago ku bakozi.
“Amabwiriza n’amabwiriza byatanzwe bizarinda sosiyete kwandura methylene chloride,” nk’uko byatangajwe n’itangazo. “Ikoresheje imyaka itandatu y’amakuru yerekeye uburozi buva mu bicuruzwa, EPA yagaragaje ko hari ibigo bike bishobora guteza akaga ku baturage bazitiwe. Amabwiriza yatanzwe na EPA azarengera ikoreshwa rya methylene chloride mu bigo byinshi nk’ibyo, bityo bikavanaho ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’abaturage baturanye.”
Ibitekerezo ku itegeko ryatanzwe bizakirwa binyuze muri Federal Electronic Rulemaking Portal, inomero ya dosiye EPA-HQ-OPPT-2020-0465, itariki ntarengwa yo ku ya 3 Nyakanga 2023.
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Umuterankunga: Agapfukamunwa ko mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ntibitangaje ko ingaruka, ingaruka no gukomeretsa ari byo bikomere bikunze kugaragara mu nganda zitandukanye kandi bishobora gutera imvune zitandukanye ku kuboko. Iyo ikintu gikubise cyangwa gikanda ukuboko, imbaraga zihita ziva ku kintu zijya ku kuboko kandi zishobora gutera imvune. Ibi byitwa kwangirika kw'ingaruka. Kuva ku gukomereka guto kugeza ku magufwa yavunitse, kuvunika cyangwa gukomereka, abakozi bakeneye uburinzi bukwiye kugira ngo amaboko yabo akomeze kuba meza ku kazi. Kugira ngo umenye byinshi!
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