Nta muti uhari wo kuvura indwara ya Alzheimer, ariko abahanga mu bya siyansi bahora bashakisha uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara.
Abashakashatsi barimo gukora ku gupima hakiri kare indwara yo kwibagirwa iterwa na Alzheimer, kuko kuyipima hakiri kare bishobora gufasha mu kuvura.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience bugaragaza ko aside formike mu nkari ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’uko indwara ya Alzheimer ishobora gupimwa hakiri kare.
Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara muri Amerika (CDC) kivuga ko indwara yo kwibagirwa ari “kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwibuka, gutekereza, cyangwa gufata ibyemezo bibangamira imirimo ya buri munsi.”
Uretse indwara ya Alzheimer, hari n'ubundi bwoko bwa dementia nka dementia ifite Lewy bodies na dementia y'imitsi. Ariko Alzheimer ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane.
Nk’uko raporo y’ishyirahamwe ry’indwara za Alzheimer yo mu 2022 ibivuga, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 6.5 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika babana n’iyi ndwara. Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi biteze ko uwo mubare uzikuba kabiri mu 2050.
Byongeye kandi, abantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer ishobora kugorana kumira, kuvuga no kugenda.
Kugeza mu ntangiriro za 2000, gupima umurambo ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kwemeza niba umuntu yari afite indwara ya Alzheimer cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwa dementia.
Nk’uko Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Indashyikirwa kibitangaza, abaganga ubu bashobora gukora igikorwa cyo gupfumura uruhu rw’umugongo, kizwi kandi nka gupfumura uruhu rw’umugongo, kugira ngo barebe ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n’indwara ya Alzheimer.
Abaganga bashakisha ibimenyetso by’ubuzima nka beta-amyloid 42, igice cy’ingenzi cya amyloid plaques mu bwonko, kandi bashobora gushakisha ibitagenda neza kuri PET scan.
“Ubuhanga bushya bwo gufata amashusho, cyane cyane amashusho ya amyloid, amashusho ya amyloid PET, na tau PET imaging, bidufasha kubona ibitagenda neza mu bwonko mu gihe umuntu akiri muzima,” ibi byavuzwe na Porofeseri w’ubuzima akaba n’umuganga wa Kaminuza ya Michigan, Kenneth M. Dr. Langa. wo muri Ann Arbor, utari muri ubu bushakashatsi, yagize icyo avuga ku kiganiro cya vuba aha cya Michigan Medicine.
Uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha kugabanya ubukana bw'ibimenyetso bya asima no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'indwara, nubwo budashobora kuyivura.
Urugero, umuganga ashobora gutanga imiti nka donepezil cyangwa galantamine kugira ngo agabanye ibimenyetso bya asima. Umuti w’ubushakashatsi witwa lecanemab ushobora kandi kugabanya ukwiyongera kwa Alzheimer.
Kubera ko gupima indwara ya Alzheimer bihenze kandi bishobora kutaboneka kuri buri wese, abashakashatsi bamwe bashyira imbere gupima hakiri kare.
Abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Shanghai Jiaotong n'Ikigo cya WuXi gishinzwe Ubuvumbuzi mu Bushinwa basesenguye hamwe uruhare rwa aside formike nk'ikimenyetso cy'indwara ya Alzheimer mu nkari.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bahisemo iki kintu runaka bashingiye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere ku ndwara ya Alzheimer. Bavuga ko imikorere mibi ya formaldehyde ari ikintu cy’ingenzi gituma umuntu agira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza ibintu bitewe n’imyaka.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, abanditsi bakusanyije abantu 574 baturutse mu bitaro bya gatandatu by’abantu bya Shanghai, mu Bushinwa.
Bagabanyije abitabiriye amahugurwa mu matsinda atanu bitewe n'uko bitwaye mu bizamini by'imikorere y'ubwonko; aya matsinda yari atandukanye kuva ku bushobozi bwo kumenya neza kugeza ku ndwara ya Alzheimer:
Abashakashatsi bakusanyije ingero z'inkari ku bitabiriye ubushakashatsi kugira ngo barebe urugero rwa aside formike n'ingero z'amaraso kugira ngo bakore isesengura rya ADN.
Mu kugereranya urugero rwa aside formike muri buri tsinda, abashakashatsi basanze hari itandukaniro hagati y’abantu bafite ubuzima bwiza mu mitekerereze n’abafite nibura ubumuga bwo mu bwenge.
Mu matsinda afite ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, urugero rwa aside formike mu nkari rwari hejuru ugereranyije n'amatsinda afite imikorere myiza y'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza.
Byongeye kandi, abitabiriye indwara ya Alzheimer bari bafite aside formike nyinshi cyane mu nkari zabo kurusha abitabiriye bari mu buzima bwiza bwo mu mutwe.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi kandi basanze hari isano iri hagati y’urwego rwa aside formike mu nkari n’ibizamini byo mu mutwe mu bijyanye no kwibuka no kwita ku bintu.
Abanditsi banditse bati: “UA yari yazamutse cyane mu itsinda ry’abantu basuzumaga indwara ya [kugabanuka k’ubwenge], bivuze ko UA ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer hakiri kare.”
Ibisubizo by'ubu bushakashatsi ni ingenzi kubera impamvu nyinshi, cyane cyane ikiguzi cyo gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer.
Niba ubushakashatsi bwiyongereyeho bwerekana ko ingirabuzimafatizo zishobora kumenya ko ubwenge bugabanuka, iki gishobora kuba ikizamini cyoroshye gukoresha kandi gihendutse.
Byongeye kandi, niba ikizamini nk'icyo gishobora kugaragaza ko ubwenge bugabanuka bifitanye isano n'indwara ya Alzheimer, abahanga mu by'ubuzima bashobora kubikora vuba.
Dr. Sandra Petersen, DNP, visi perezida mukuru ushinzwe ubuzima n'imibereho myiza muri Pegasus Senior Living, yabwiye Medical News Today ku bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi:
“Impinduka mu ndwara ya Alzheimer zitangira hagati y’imyaka 20 na 30 mbere yo kuyisuzuma kandi akenshi ntizimenyekane kugeza igihe habayeho kwangirika gukomeye. Tuzi ko kuyimenya hakiri kare bishobora gutuma abarwayi babona uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura no guteganya uburyo bwo kwita ku buzima bwabo mu gihe kizaza.”
Dr. Peterson yagize ati: “Iterambere mu kizamini nk’iki (kidakunze gukoreshwa kandi gihendutse) gishobora kuboneka ku baturage muri rusange ryaba impinduka mu kurwanya indwara ya Alzheimer.”
Abahanga mu bya siyansi baherutse kuvumbura uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer bushobora gufasha abaganga gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer hakiri kare. Ibi bizatuma abaganga…
Ibyavumbuwe mu mbeba bishobora gufasha umunsi umwe gukora isuzuma ry'amaraso rizaba igice cy'isuzuma risanzwe rya Alzheimer n'ubundi bwoko bwa…
Ubushakashatsi bushya bukoresha uburyo bwa PET bwo gupima ubwonko kugira ngo bugaragaze igabanuka ry’ubushobozi bwo gutekereza hashingiwe ku kuba hari poroteyine za amyloid na tau mu bwonko, hamwe n’izindi…
Abaganga ubu bakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye byo mu mutwe no gupima indwara ya Alzheimer. Abashakashatsi bakoze uburyo bwo gukoresha algorithme bushobora gukoreshwa ku muntu umwe…
Gusuzuma amaso vuba bishobora gutanga amakuru y'ingenzi ku buzima bw'ubwonko. By'umwihariko, bishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kwibagirwa.