Nta muti uhari wo kuvura indwara ya Alzheimer, ariko abahanga mu bya siyansi bahora bashakisha uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara.
Abashakashatsi barimo gukora ku gupima hakiri kare indwara yo kwibagirwa iterwa na Alzheimer, kuko kuyipima hakiri kare bishobora gufasha mu kuvura.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience bwerekana ko aside uroformic ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’isuzuma ry’indwara ya Alzheimer hakiri kare.
Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara muri Amerika (CDC) kivuga ko indwara yo kwibagirwa ari “kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwibuka, gutekereza, cyangwa gufata ibyemezo bibangamira imirimo ya buri munsi.”
Uretse indwara ya Alzheimer, hari n'ubundi bwoko bwa dementia nka dementia ifite Lewy bodies na dementia y'imitsi. Ariko Alzheimer ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane.
Nk’uko raporo y’ishyirahamwe ry’indwara za Alzheimer yo mu 2022 ibivuga, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 6.5 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika babana n’iyi ndwara. Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi biteze ko uwo mubare uzikuba kabiri mu 2050.
Byongeye kandi, abantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer ishobora kugorana kumira, kuvuga no kugenda.
Kugeza mu ntangiriro za 2000, gupima umurambo ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kwemeza niba umuntu yari afite indwara ya Alzheimer cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwa dementia.
Nk’uko Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Indashyikirwa kibitangaza, abaganga ubu bashobora gukora igikorwa cyo gupfumura uruhu rw’umugongo, kizwi kandi nka gupfumura uruhu rw’umugongo, kugira ngo barebe ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n’indwara ya Alzheimer.
Abaganga bashakisha ibimenyetso nka beta-amyloid 42 (igice cy’ingenzi cya amyloid plaques mu bwonko) kandi bashobora gushakisha ibitagenda neza kuri PET scan.
“Ubuhanga bushya bwo gufata amashusho, cyane cyane amashusho ya amyloid, amashusho ya PET amyloid, na tau PET imaging, bidufasha kubona ibitagenda neza mu bwonko mu gihe umuntu akiri muzima,” ibi byavuzwe na Porofeseri akaba n'umuganga w'ubuzima rusange muri Michigan, Kenneth M., Dr. Langa. Mu kiganiro cya Ann Arbor, utari muri ubu bushakashatsi, yagize icyo avuga ku kiganiro giherutse gukorwa muri Michigan Medicine.
Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bufasha kugabanya ubukana bw'ibimenyetso bya asima no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'indwara, nubwo budashobora kuyivura.
Urugero, umuganga ashobora gutanga imiti nka donepezil cyangwa galantamine kugira ngo agabanye ibimenyetso bya asima. Umuti w’ubushakashatsi witwa lecanemab ushobora kandi kugabanya ukwiyongera kwa Alzheimer.
Kubera ko gupima indwara ya Alzheimer bihenze kandi bishobora kutaboneka kuri buri wese, abashakashatsi bamwe bashyira imbere gupima hakiri kare.
Abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Shanghai Jiao Tong n'Ikigo cya Wuxi gishinzwe Ubuvumbuzi mu Bushinwa basesenguye hamwe uruhare rwa aside formike nk'ikimenyetso cy'indwara ya Alzheimer mu nkari.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bahisemo iki kintu gishingiye ku bushakashatsi bakoze mbere ku bipimo by’indwara ya Alzheimer. Bavuga ko formaldehyde idasanzwe ari yo kintu cy’ingenzi gituma umuntu adashobora gutekereza neza bitewe n’imyaka.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, abanditsi bakusanyije abantu 574 baturutse mu bitaro bya gatandatu by’abantu bya Shanghai, mu Bushinwa.
Bagabanyije abitabiriye amahugurwa mu matsinda atanu hashingiwe ku mikorere yabo mu bizamini by’imikorere y’ubwonko; aya matsinda yari atandukanye kuva ku ndwara yo kumenya neza kugeza ku ndwara ya Alzheimer:
Abashakashatsi bakusanyije ingero z'inkari ku bitabiriye ubushakashatsi kugira ngo barebe urugero rwa aside formike n'ingero z'amaraso kugira ngo bakore isesengura rya ADN.
Mu kugereranya urugero rwa aside formike muri buri tsinda, abashakashatsi bamenye ko hari itandukaniro hagati y’abitabiriye ubushakashatsi bafite ubuzima bwiza n’abafite nibura ubumuga buto.
Itsinda ryari rifite ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza ryari rifite aside formike nyinshi mu nkari kurusha itsinda ryari rifite ubuzima bwiza bwo gutekereza.
Byongeye kandi, abitabiriye indwara ya Alzheimer bari bafite aside formike nyinshi cyane mu nkari zabo kurusha abitabiriye bari mu buzima bwiza bwo mu mutwe.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi basanze kandi urugero rwa aside formike y'inkari rufitanye isano ritandukanye n'ibizamini byo mu mutwe mu kwibuka no kwita ku bintu.
Abanditsi banditse bati: “Igipimo cya aside formike y’inkari cyariyongereye cyane mu itsinda ry’abantu basuzumaga [kugabanuka k’ubwenge], bivuze ko aside formike y’inkari ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma hakiri kare [indwara ya Alzheimer].”
Ibisubizo by'ubu bushakashatsi ni ingenzi kubera impamvu nyinshi, cyane cyane ikiguzi cyo gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer.
Niba ubushakashatsi bwiyongereyeho bwerekana ko aside urique ishobora kumenya igabanuka ry'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, iki gishobora kuba ikizamini cyoroshye gukoresha kandi gihendutse.
Byongeye kandi, niba ikizamini nk'icyo gishobora kugaragaza ko ubwenge bugabanuka bifitanye isano n'indwara ya Alzheimer, abahanga mu by'ubuzima bashobora kubikora vuba.
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Medical News Today, Dr. Sandra Petersen, DNP, visi perezida mukuru ushinzwe ubuzima n'imibereho myiza muri Pegasus Senior Living, yavuze ku bushakashatsi:
“Impinduka mu ndwara ya Alzheimer zitangira hagati y’imyaka 20 na 30 mbere yo kuyisuzuma kandi akenshi ntizimenyekane kugeza igihe habayeho kwangirika gukomeye. Tuzi ko kuyisuzuma hakiri kare bishobora guha abarwayi uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvurwa no guteganya ubuvuzi bw’ejo hazaza.”
Dr. Peterson yagize ati: “Iterambere muri iki kizamini (kidakunze gukoreshwa kandi gihendutse) riboneka ku baturage muri rusange rizahindura byinshi mu kurwanya indwara ya Alzheimer.”
Abahanga mu bya siyansi baherutse kuvumbura uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer bushobora gufasha abaganga gusuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer hakiri kare. Ibi bizatuma abaganga…
Ibisubizo by'ubushakashatsi bushya ku mbeba bishobora gufasha umunsi umwe gukora isuzuma ry'amaraso rizaba igice cy'isuzuma risanzwe rya Alzheimer n'ubundi bwoko bwa…
Ubushakashatsi bushya bukoresha uburyo bwa PET bwo gupima ubwonko kugira ngo bugaragaze ko ubwonko bwagabanutse bitewe n'uko hari poroteyine za amyloid na tau mu bwonko, bitabaye ibyo ubwonko…
Abaganga ubu bakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye byo mu mutwe no gupima indwara ya Alzheimer. Abashakashatsi bakoze uburyo bwo gukoresha algorithme bushobora gukoreshwa ku muntu umwe…
Gusuzuma amaso vuba bishobora gutanga amakuru y'ingenzi ku buzima bw'ubwonko. By'umwihariko, bishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kwibagirwa.